监控类技术侦查的范围界定与规范完善——论《刑事诉讼法》再修改  

Rule of Law on Evidence-obtaining Measure for Electronic Data and the Re-amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law

作　　者：王仲羊 WANG Zhongyang

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学刑事侦查学院

出　　处：《法治研究》2024年第5期119-132,共14页Research on Rule of Law

基　　金：四川省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地反恐怖主义研究中心课题“《反恐法》与《个人信息保护法》的规范衔接问题研究”(项目编号:FK2024ZD03);中国刑事诉讼法学研究会“刑事诉讼法治完善项目”一般项目“监控类技术侦查的范围界定与规范完善”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：监控类技术侦查是指由设区的市一级以上公安机关负责技术侦查的部门实施的记录监控、行踪监控、通信监控、场所监控等措施,属于此次《刑事诉讼法》修改的重点内容之一。监控类技术侦查必须同时满足秘密性、技术性、实时性三大特征,方能区别于调取、网络远程勘验、大数据侦查。监控类技术侦查应在主体与客体两大方面进行范围扩展。在此次修法过程中,应将《刑事诉讼法》第二章第八节标题修改为“秘密侦查措施”,明确监控类技术侦查的内涵,并通过司法解释与指导性案例明确其外延。在程序规制方面,应规定网络服务提供者属于监控类技术侦查的执行主体,非内容信息属于其客体,并加强对此类侦查措施的司法控制。在数据规制方面,应加强《刑事诉讼法》与《个人信息保护法》的规范衔接,在技术侦查中保护个人信息权益,履行国家机关的个人信息保护义务。Surveillance-type technical investigations refer to measures such as record monitoring,whereabouts monitoring,communications monitoring and premises monitoring carried out by the departments of the public security organs responsible for technical investigations at or above the level of a city with districts,and are one of the focuses of the current revision of the Criminal Procedure Law.Surveillance-type technical investigations must simultaneously satisfy the three main characteristics of secrecy,technology and real-time,in order to be distinguished from access,network remote investigation and big data investigation.Surveillance-type technical investigations shall be expanded in scope in terms of both subject and object.In the process of this amendment,the title of Chapter 2,Section 8 of the Criminal Procedure Law should be amended to'Covert Investigative Measures',clarifying the connotation of surveillance-type technical investigations,and clarifying their extension through judicial interpretations and guiding cases.In terms of procedural regulation,it should be stipulated that network service providers are the subjects of surveillance-type technical investigations,and that non-content information is the object,and judicial control of such investigative measures should be strengthened.In the area of data regulation,the normative connection between the Criminal Procedure Law and the Personal Information Protection Law should be strengthened,so as to protect the rights and interests of personal information in technical investigations and fulfil the personal information protection obligations of State organs.

关 键 词：刑事诉讼法再修改 技术侦查 监控 实时性 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.16[政治法律—法学]