通勤冗余感知对通勤满意度的影响研究  

Impacts of excess commuting perception on commuting satisfaction

作　　者：孙瑞宁 武文杰 陈娜 SUN Ruining;WU Wenjie;CHEN Na(School of Government,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Economics and Management School/School of Urban Design,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Center for Chinese Public Administration Research,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院,广州510275 [2]武汉大学经济与管理学院/城市设计学院,武汉430072 [3]中山大学中国公共管理研究中心,广州510275

出　　处：《地理研究》2024年第9期2411-2424,共14页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDA037);国家自然科学基金项目(72241414、42371215);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD630023);中山大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2023qntd67)。

摘　　要：通勤是居民时空行为地理特征的重要表征,解析通勤冗余是评估城市通勤效率和职住关系的关键。本文引入参照点理论,基于“时间-空间社会-个体期望”三个维度构建了通勤冗余感知的分析框架,运用北京问卷数据将通勤冗余感知融入通勤时间与通勤满意度研究。以家庭制约和个体制约为主轴,探究通勤冗余感知的时空分异特征并展开实证研究。研究发现:①居民个体平均通勤冗余感知与总体通勤冗余感知存在差异,不同维度的通勤冗余感知存在空间异质性。②通勤满意度变动取决于通勤冗余感知的变化。即居民会依据参照点的通勤时间判断自身通勤时间是否令人满意。③通勤冗余感知对通勤满意度有显著的负向影响。居民主要将理论标定时间、相似群体通勤时间和可忍受时间作为参照点。④通勤冗余感知的影响存在群体差异。家庭、性别和收入的组合制约会提升通勤冗余感知,降低通勤满意度。Commuting is a significant representation of the geographical characteristics of residents'spatiotemporal behavior,and analyzing excess commuting is key to assessing urban commuting efficiency and jobs-housing relations.Over the past 40 years,China has undergone rapid urbanization,where urban development often alters jobs-housing relations,leading to prolonged commuting times that impact residents'well-being.To further explore the relationship between commuting time and commuting satisfaction,this paper introduces reference point theory and constructs an analytical framework for excess commuting perception based on three dimensions:"time-space-society-individual expectations".Utilizing 2013 survey data from Beijing,this study integrates excess commuting perception into the analysis of commuting time and satisfaction,and examines their interrelationships.The research focuses on family and individual constraints,and analyzes spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of excess commuting perception through empirical research based on gender,age,and household monthly income.The findings are as follows:First,There is a difference between the individual excess commuting perception and the overall excess commuting perception,highlighting spatial heterogeneity in excess commuting perception across different dimensions.Second,changes in commuting satisfaction depend on changes in excess commuting perception.Residents assess their commuting time satisfaction based on the reference point,meaning that the level of com‐muting satisfaction is determined by the relative difference between their own commuting time and the reference point.Third,excess commuting perception significantly negatively impacts commuting satisfaction.Residents mainly use theoretical standard time,similar group commuting time,and tolerable time as reference points.The effect of"45 minutes"and"tolerable time"on commuting satisfaction is more pronounced than that of the"space-society"dimension.Fourth,the influence of excess commuting perception diffe

关 键 词：通勤冗余 通勤满意度 参照点理论 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] K90-05[哲学宗教—心理学]