新中国成立初期国家领导层对和平共处的认识  

The Understanding of Peaceful Coexistence by the National Leadership in the Early Years of People’s Republic of China

作　　者：孙泽学[1] Sun Zexue(School of History and Culture,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第5期31-41,共11页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“苏联与恢复联合国中国代表权问题研究(1949—1971)”(21BZS081)。

摘　　要：在两极对立的冷战背景下,中华人民共和国在和平共处外交方针的指导下,至1956年,通过直接建交和谈判建交的方式,与27个国家建立了外交关系,还通过“走出去”与“请进来”的外交实践,实现了与一些国家的和平共处。国家领导层从新中国成立初期的外交实践中认识到:和平共处是新中国外交的长期方针;尊重领土主权和平等互利是和平共处的核心;制度自信是和平共处的底蕴;国家富强是和平共处的后盾;和平共处要有危机意识;坚持和平共处形式上的多样性、策略上的灵活性和方针上的求同存异;签订和平条约和建构制度机制是和平共处的保障。上述认识对当下坚持和谐共处外交、构建人类命运共同体仍有指导意义。Against the backdrop of the bipolar and antagonistic Cold War,People’s Republic of China,guided by the policy of peaceful coexistence,had established diplomatic relations with 27 countries through direct and negotiated means by 1956.It had also succeeded in achieving peaceful coexistence with some nations through the diplomatic activities of“going out”and“inviting in”.The national leadership,drawing upon the diplomatic endeavors of the early years of People’s Republic of China,recognized that peaceful coexistence is an long-term policy of China’s diplomacy.Respect for territorial sovereignty and equality,and reciprocity are the core tenets of peaceful coexistence.Institutional confidence is the foundation of peaceful coexistence.National prosperity and strength provide its backbone.Peaceful coexistence necessitates an awareness of crisis and an adherence to the diversity of approaches,strategic flexibility,and the principle of finding common ground midst differences.Signing peace treaties and establishing institutional mechanisms serve as its guarantees.The aforementioned insights retain their guiding value for adhering to harmonious coexistence diplomacy and building a community with a shared future for mankind.

关 键 词：新中国成立初期 国家领导层 和平共处 外交实践 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学]