“宽创造力”与个体主义创新观的超越——由契克森米哈赖创造力动力学模型引发的探讨  

“Wide Creativity”and the Transcendence of Individualistic Innovation View--An Inquiry Inspired by Csikszentmihaly’s Creative Dynamics Model

作　　者：高新民[1] 傅利华[2] Gao Xinmin;Fu Lihua(Research Center for Mind and Cognition,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079;School of Foreign Languages,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心灵与认知研究中心,湖北武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学外国语学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第5期88-98,共11页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“意向性与人工智能建模基础问题研究”(20YJA720003)。

摘　　要：与认知科学和心灵哲学的反个体主义思潮和“宽”范式的迅速崛起相应,创造力的研究范式和观念也在发生较大变化,“宽”范式的影响力日渐扩大,以具身论、延展论、社会交互论等为标识的创造力理论纷至沓来。契克森米哈赖基于系统模型、心流论和重新解释的熵增原理的创造力理论是其典型形式。它不绝对否认内在的东西的作用,认为创造力不是纯内在的心理能力或现象,而是由内外宽泛的因素共同决定的超越于皮肤的现象。要化解个体主义与反个体主义在创造力问题上的争端,必须有辩证的思维,看到创造力存在方式的多样性。相对于现实存在的创新事件而言,反个体主义的崛起是认知的一个进步,意味着对个体主义创新观的超越。In response to the anti-individualist trend of thought and the rapid emergence of“wide”paradigms in cognitive science and philosophy of mind,theories and paradigms of creativity are also undergoing profound shifts.The influence of these“wide”paradigms is gradually expanding;creativity theories,such as embodiment theory,extension theory,and social interaction theory,are increasingly gaining prominence.Csikszentmihalyi’s creativity theory,which is grounded in the system model,flow theory,and a reinterpretation of the principle of entropy increase,represents a typical example of this shift.His theory does not entirely dismiss the role of internal things;rather,it argues that creativity is not solely an internal mental ability or phenomenon,but one shaped by a wide array of both internal and external factors.To address the debate between individualism and anti-individualism in creativity studies,a dialectical approach is necessary,recognizing the diverse ways creativity can exist.Compared with the existing innovation events,the rise of anti-individualism reflects a cognitive leap,signaling the transcendence of individualistic innovation view.

关 键 词：创造力 反个体主义 宽创造力 心理动力学 心流 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]