大学生实习动机特征及其对实习效能的影响——基于658名本科生的问卷调查  

The characteristics of college students’practice motivation and its influence on practice effectiveness:A survey based on 658 undergraduate students

作　　者：周素毅 李昂 ZHOU Suyi;LI Ang(School of Economics and Management,Hunan University of Technology,Yueyang 414006,China;Academic Affairs Office of Guangdong University of Finance&Economics,Guangzhou 510320,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南理工学院经济与管理学院,湖南岳阳414006 [2]广东财经大学教务处,广东广州510320

出　　处：《创新与创业教育》2024年第4期106-115,共10页Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education

基　　金：教育部产学合作协同育人项目“新文科背景下科教融合‘赋能’卓越财经人才培养的实现路径研究”(220904171164530);广东省高等教育学会“十四五”规划高等教育研究课题“数字化背景下财经类专业大学生数字素养现状及其培养策略研究”(23GQN09)。

摘　　要：随着高等教育普及化时代的到来和就业压力的加剧,越来越多的大学生选择通过实习来提升自身的就业竞争力。基于5所高校658名本科生的问卷调查,考察当前大学生实习动机的主要特征及其对实习效能的影响机制。结果显示:当前大学生实习动机多元,提高就业竞争力、丰富个人学习体验、为向职场人士转变做准备、提高实践能力、促进职业规划、获得书本上没有的知识、缓解对走入社会的焦虑和恐惧等均是其参与实习的主要动机;整体而言,大学生实习内部动机大于外部动机,且不同人口学背景的学生的实习动机存在显著差异;内部动机不仅直接对实习效能产生显著影响,也通过实习投入的中介作用间接对实习效能产生影响。外部动机不直接对实习效能产生显著影响,而是通过实习投入的中介作用间接对实习效能产生影响。根据研究结论,提出了提高大学生实习效能的相关政策建议。With the advent of the popularization of higher education and the intensification of employment competition,more and more college students choose to enhance their employment competitiveness through internships.Based on a questionnaire survey of 658 undergraduates from 5 colleges,this paper investigated the main characteristics of the current college students’internship motivation and its influence mechanism on internship effectiveness.The results show that current college students have diverse motivations for internships,and improving their employment competitiveness,enriching their personal learning experience,preparing for the transition to the workplace,improving their practical ability,promoting career planning,acquiring knowledge that is not in books,and alleviating the need to enter the society are the main motivations for participating in internship;The internal motivation is greater than the external motivation,and there are significant differences among students of different backgrounds;The internal motivation not only directly affects the internship effectiveness,but also indirectly affects internship effectiveness through the mediating effect of internship investment.External motivation does not directly influence the internship effectiveness,but indirectly exerts impact through the mediating effect of internship input.According to the research conclusions,relevant policy should be suggested to improve the practice efficiency of college students are put forward.

关 键 词：大学生实习 实习动机 实习效能 大学生发展 学习动机 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]