流域治理过程对长江中游一级支流黄柏河大型底栖动物功能摄食类群及水环境的影响  

Effects of watershed management process on functional feeding groups of macrobenthos and water environment in Huangbai River,a primary tributary of the middle reaches of Yangtze River

作　　者：王芳炜 李卫明 严康[1,2] 张续同 刘子健 李映成 高雅坤 丁爽 WANG Fangwei;LI Weiming;YAN Kang;ZHANG Xutong;LIU Zijian;LI Yingcheng;GAOYakun;DING Shuang(Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Yichang 443002;College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002)

机构地区：[1]三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学水利与环境学院,宜昌443002

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第9期376-389,共14页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51979149);国家重点研发计划(No.2022YFC3203902,2022YFC3203905)。

摘　　要：黄柏河流域治理工程于2021年春季开工,本文选取2021年和2022年的春、夏、秋共6个季度调查了黄柏河大型底栖动物及其水环境因子,分析了大型底栖动物功能摄食类群的时空分布变化.结果表明:同2021年相比,2022年黄柏河干流、东支、西支的大型底栖动物相对丰度分别减少了31.6%、5.25%、13.7%.两年间以大型底栖动物为评价指标评价黄柏河健康情况均为中度-重度污染,层次聚类及非度量多维标度排序分析显示黄柏河干流及东西支相似度最低为54.7%.由生物量与丰度曲线得到的分离系数W显示,黄柏河大型底栖动物受到中等程度环境胁迫.水环境因子除氮含量超标外,其余指标大部分符合Ⅰ~Ⅲ类水标准.对大型底栖动物摄食类群造成显著影响的环境因子春季为酸碱度(pH)(2021年)及电导率(Cond)(2022年),夏季为硝酸盐氮(NO3-N)、溶解氧(DO)(2021年)和硝酸盐氮(NO_(3-)-N)、电导率(Cond)(2022年),秋季为溶解性总磷(DTP)、电导率(Cond)(2021年)和氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)(2022年).治理引起的河床变化导致环境因子改变,这一变化降低了河流适应复杂环境变化的能力,并导致刮食者数量发生改变.The Huangbai River basin management project has started in the spring of 2021.In this paper,the macrobenthos and their water environmental factors in Huangbai River were investigated in the spring,summer and autumn months of 2021 and 2022,the study analyzed the spatiotemporal variation patterns of the functional feeding groups of macrobenthos.The results indicated that the relative abundance of macrobenthos in Huangbai River main stream,East branch and West branch decreased by 31.6%,5.25%and 13.7%respectively.In the past two years,the health status of Huangbai River was evaluated as moderately to severely polluted using macrobenthos as evaluation index.Hierarchical clustering and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling analysis revealed that the similarity between the main stream and the eastern and western branches of Huangbai River was the lowest at 54.7%.The separation coefficient(W)obtained from the biomass and abundance curves showed that the macrobenthos in Huangbai River were always under moderate environmental stress.From the perspective of water environmental factors,except for nitrogen content that exceeds the standard,most of the other indicators were within Class I to ClassⅢwater standards.Theenvironmental factors that have a significant impact on the feeding groups of macrobenthos were pH in 2021 and electrical conductivity(Cond)in 2022.In summer,there were nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and dissolved oxygen(DO)in 2021,and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and electrical conductivity(Cond)in 2022.In autumn,there were total dissolved phosphorus(DTP)and electrical conductivity(Cond)in 2021 and ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)in 2022.The changes in riverbed caused by management measures have led to alterations in environmental factors,reducing the river's capacity to adapt to complex environmental changes and resulting in changes in the number of Scrapers.

关 键 词：流域治理 大型底栖动物 时空分布 环境胁迫 生物多样性 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]