青藏高原“一江两河”农区居民家庭食物消费生态足迹核算  

Evaluating ecological footprint of household food consumption in the rural area of Yarlung Zangbo River and its two tributaries on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：王灵恩[1] 李云云 李佳洳 郭嘉欣 张宪洲[1] 范玉枝[1] 成升魁[1] WANG Lingen;LI Yunyun;LI Jiaru;GUO Jiaxin;ZHANG Xianzhou;FAN Yuzhi;CHENG Shengkui(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Tourism and Service Management,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [3]南开大学旅游与服务学院,天津300350

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第17期7476-7489,共14页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK1002);国家自然科学基金项目(42171288,42301343);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目。

摘　　要：核算区域食物消费及其资源环境代价对优化区域食物供应、加强区域生态保护与调整食物安全战略具有重要意义。基于实地调研获取的2018年青藏高原“一江两河”农区居民家庭食物消费一手数据,在分析居民食物消费数量与结构的基础上核算其生态足迹。主要结论如下:(1)“一江两河”农区居民家庭人均食物消费量为482.44 kg人^(-1)a^(-1),全年区域食物消费总量达36.90万t,其中植物性食物消费占比74.4%,约是动物性食物(25.6%)的2.91倍;消费结构中,蔬菜占比最高(29.4%),其次是青稞(20.7%)和奶类(15.3%),肉类消费以牛羊肉为主(88.4%);(2)区域食物消费所占用的生态足迹总量高达41.41万hm^(2),是“一江两河”所在三市(拉萨、日喀则和山南)耕地面积的2.48倍,肉类消费所占用的生态足迹最大(51.1%);食物消费的生态足迹有30.8%来自外地,其中以甘肃、青海、新疆三地居多。Food is essential for human sustenance,and the ecological footprint of regional food consumption reflects the land resources necessary to support the population.Analyzing the residents′food consumption,structure,and associated resource and environmental costs holds significance for enhancing food supply,reinforcing regional ecological preservation,and revising food security strategies,particularly in ecologically fragile areas.This study utilized primary data from field research conducted in 2018 on household food consumption in the rural areas along the Yarlung Zangbo River and its two tributaries on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.It examines the volume and composition of residents′household food consumption and computes their ecological footprints.The primary findings are:(i)The residents in the rural areas of the Yarlung Zangbo River and its two tributaries have a per capita annual food consumption of 482.44 kg,with the regional total reaching 369,000 tonnes.Plant-based food consumption constitutes 74.4%,nearly 2.91 times greater than that of animal-based food(25.6%);in the consumption composition,vegetables comprise the largest share(29.4%),followed by barley(20.7%)and milk(15.3%).Beef and mutton predominantly contribute to meat consumption,accounting for 88.4%of the total meat consumption.(ii)The cumulative ecological footprint from food consumption reaches 414,100 hm^(2),which is 2.48 times the arable land in three city areas(Lhasa,Shigatse,Shannan)within the Yarlung Zangbo River and its two tributaries region.In which,55.6%(230,200 hm^(2))constitutes the direct ecological footprint,predominantly from cropland(61.2%,140,900 hm^(2)),complemented by grassland(88,100 hm^(2))and woodland(1200 hm^(2)).Meat consumption accounts for the most substantial ecological footprint at 51.1%.30.8%of the ecological footprint from food consumption originates from external sources,with Gansu Province(9.2%),Qinghai Province(8.0%),and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(5.2%)being the primary contributors.The study results hold p

关 键 词：食物消费 生态足迹 农区家庭 定量核算 青藏高原 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F323.8F426.82