近代汉语副词“现”取代“旋”的几个问题  

Several Questions on Replacing Adverb"Xuan"with"Xian"in Modern Chinese

作　　者：许卫东[1] XU Weidong(Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《通化师范学院学报》2024年第9期46-52,共7页Journal of Tonghua Normal University

摘　　要：从书面语料看,近代汉语中,明末清初以前的“现”与“旋”在“时间域”里是区别明显的。“现”是时间名词,主要表示“现在”“此刻”“目前”等意义;“旋”是时间副词,又可二分:“旋1”表“立即”等意义;“旋2”表“刚”“当场”“临时”等意义。自明末清初以后,二者之间界限开始模糊,“现”逐渐取代了“旋”,“旋1”“旋2”在不同语境里表示的相关意义及副词用法都由“现”承担。完成取代后,“现”还新产生了“特意、专门”等意义,由时间副词语法化为方式副词。From the perspective of written language materials,in modern Chinese,there was a clear difference between"xian"and"xuan"in the"time domain"before the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty."Xian"was a noun of time that mainly represents meanings such as"present"and"present moment"."Xuan"was an adverb of time and can be divided into two parts:"xuan1"indicated"immediately"and other meanings;"xuan2"meaned"just","on the spot","temporary"and so on.Since the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty,the boundary between"xian"and"xuan"had become blurred,and"xian"had gradually replaced"xuan".The relevant meanings and adverbial usage of"xuan1"and"xuan2"in different contexts are assumed by"xian".After completing the substitution,"xian"also gave rise to new meanings such as"for a special purpose",which was transformed from adverb of time into adverb of manner.

关 键 词：“现” “旋” 取代时间 方式 转喻 主观化 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]