敛情约性,因狭出奇--论徐照山水诗  

Restraining Emotions and Temperament,Creativity Arising from Constraints--On Xu Zhao’s Landscape Poetry

作　　者：诸葛忆兵 ZHUGE Yibing(School of Humanities,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学人文学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2024年第5期135-146,共12页Qilu Journal

基　　金：浙江省文化研究工程重大项目“瓯江山水诗路研究”(22WH16ZD)。

摘　　要：徐照居“四灵”之首,以擅写山水风景著称。徐照一生,大半在家乡温州度过,他的大量优秀诗篇都是歌咏永嘉山水的。只有写到家乡山水,徐照才以组诗形式予以咏叹,如《游雁荡山》八首、《净光山四咏呈水心先生》。组诗可以更加全面、立体地呈现家乡的山水风貌。温州城市坐落在山水之间,城内外山峰林立,水道交错,徐照居家周边或友人住宅附近都是赏心悦目的风光,这成为徐照诗歌吟咏的另一对象。“吾洲见地形”,徐照对家乡的山水充满自豪感。徐照多次外出游历,离家距离最远、时间最久的一次是随徐玑赴任永州司理参军。徐照沿途和在湘中饱览风光,并将之化作诗材,其山水诗有了更为开阔的画面。而且,他有意“诗将远地传”,以诗歌表达游历见闻。徐照自称“唐世吟诗侣”,以学习唐诗相标榜。其学习的是由中唐入晚唐的姚合、贾岛一派,更多的是承继了姚合“闲适诗”的创作精神,诗风清新秀丽,在平淡朴实中见新奇。Xu Zhao,hailed as the foremost of“Four Brilliant Poets in Yongjia”,is renowned for poetry depicting landscapes.He spent most of his life in his hometown Wenzhou,and many of his excellent poems praise the landscapes of Yongjia.Only when writing about his hometown’s scenery did Xu Zhao express himself through series of poems,such as Eight Poems on Visiting Yandang Mountain and Four Poems on Jingguang Mountain Presented to Master Shuixin.Series of poems provide a more comprehensive portrayal of the local landscapes.Wenzhou city is nestled among mountains and rivers,the scenic views around Xu Zhao’s home and his friends’residences became another subject of his poetry.The phrase“seeing the terrain of my land”reflects Xu Zhao’s pride.Xu Zhao traveled frequently,with his longest and farthest journey being his accompaniment of Xu Ji to his appointment as judicial assistant in Yongzhou.Xu Zhao enjoyed the scenery along the way and in Hunan,and turned it into poetic material,so that his landscape poems have a broader picture.His landscape poetry thus gained a broader perspective.Furthermore,he deliberately aimed to“convey distant places through poetry”,employing his poems as a medium to convey his travel experiences.Xu Zhao referred to himself as a“poetry companion of the Tang Dynasty”.He particularly followed the style of Yao He and Jia Dao from the mid to late Tang Dynasty,inheriting more of Yao He’s spirit of leisurely poetry.His poetic style is fresh and elegant,with novelty emerging from simplicity and plainness.

关 键 词：徐照 永嘉四灵 山水诗 温州 

分 类 号：I222.7[文学—中国文学]