氮素管理对水稻产量和食味品质的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Management on Yield and Eating Quality of Rice

作　　者：吴嘉浩 王綪 段晓亮 张东 孙辉 WU Jia-hao;WANG Qian;DUAN Xiao-liang;ZHANG Dong;SUN Hui(Institute of Food Quality and Nutrition Research,Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration,Beijing 100037,China;School of Health Science and Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食品质营养研究所,北京100037 [2]上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2024年第5期126-132,共7页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE117800-1)。

摘　　要：氮素管理对于保证水稻产量、提高食味品质具有重要的调控作用。近年来,过量氮肥施用大幅提升了水稻产量但由此造成的环境污染、增加种植成本、危害人类健康引起了广泛关注。同时,消费者更加关注水稻食味品质,因此如何在保证水稻产量的前提下提高食味品质成为该领域的研究热点。从水稻产量、淀粉和蛋白质特性以及食味品质的角度,综述了对水稻进行优化氮素管理的国内外研究现状,分析了现阶段水稻氮素管理在实际应用中存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望,以期为今后水稻生产中的氮素管理提供重要参考,实现高产和更好的食味品质。Nitrogen management plays a crucial regulatory role in ensuring rice yield and improving eating quality.In recent years,the significant increase in rice yield has largely relied on the excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers.However,the overuse of nitrogen in rice cultivation has raised widespread concerns due to its contribution to environmental pollution,increased production costs,and risks to human health.At the same time,consumer attention has increasingly shifted towards the eating quality of rice.Therefore,the challenge of improving eating quality while maintaining rice yield has become a key focus of research in this field.This paper reviewed the current domestic and international research on optimizing nitrogen management for rice,with a particular focus on rice yield,starch and protein characteristics,and eating quality.It also analyzed the practical issues associated with nitrogen management in rice production and discussed the prospects of nitrogen management in rice cultivation.This study provided valuable insights for future nitrogen management in rice production,aiming to achieve both high yield and enhanced eating quality.

关 键 词：氮素管理 水稻 产量 食味品质 氮肥 

分 类 号：TS210[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]