重审西方思想“古今之变”的实质与出路——以《逻辑学》对柏拉图主义的重构为例  

The Essence and the Outlet of the“Change of Ancient and Modern”in Western Thought Revisited:Taking Example of the Reconstruction of Platonism in The Science of Logic

作　　者：庄振华[1] ZHUANG Zhen-hua

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学马克思主义学部暨哲学学院,西安710119

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2024年第5期14-24,235,共12页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BZX090)。

摘　　要：针对西方思想“古今之变”问题,更重要的不是论定“变好”还是“变糟”(那样很可能导致以局部性史实覆盖甚或替代历史的根据与未来),而是寻找西方文明在深层次维系其生命力的东西,即在现代转化并延续其核心理念的方式。黑格尔《逻辑学》对柏拉图主义的重构是展示这种方式的一个典型样本。该书的存在论表明“一与多”在现代失去了古代那种纵向建构层级宇宙的潜力,被转化成了横向的相互嵌合关系,因为单纯的“有一”并不能证明“一必然统摄多”,但真正能统摄多的一并非不存在,而是要到概念论中去寻找。本质论展示了现代生活在“反柏拉图主义”的假象之下艰难施行一种特殊的柏拉图主义(即突破这种生活方式固有的封闭化趋势而回向宇宙秩序)的可能性。概念论则表明宇宙秩序在现代世界如何连贯性地主动呈现。黑格尔这种“接纳并穿透现代性”的思路可以成为我们在现代性中寻求突围的一个首要参考对象。As for the problem of the“change of ancient and modern”in Western thought,it is more important to seek for the way how Western civilization maintains its vitality in deep layer,or howit transforms and inherits its central ideas,than to determine that it becomes better or worse.The latter way of doing will probably lead to covering the ground and the future of history with partial historical facts,or even to substituting for them.The reconstruction of Platonism by Hegel's The Science of Logic is a favorable sample to demonstrate this way.The doctrine of being in this book proves that“One-Many”has lost the potential of constructing the layered universe vertically and has been transformed into the planar relationship of mutual implantation,because the mere being of One cannot prove that One dominates Many necessarily.But there is in fact the One which can dominate Many.It could be found only in the doctrine of concept.The doctrine of essence exhibits the possibility of the modern life to realize with difficulty some special Platonism(namely breaking through the tendency of self-closing inherent in this life-style and returning to the cosmic order)under the false face of Anti-Platonism.The doctrine of concept expresses the consistent active presentation of cosmic order in modern world.Hegel's way of“recognizing but penetrating modernity”could be one of our most important reference objects when we seek for breakouts from modernity.

关 键 词：古今之变 黑格尔 柏拉图主义 现代性 《逻辑学》 

分 类 号：B516.35[哲学宗教—外国哲学]