肌电生物反馈疗法与脊髓损伤患者运动功能的恢复  

Electromyographic biofeedback therapy and motor function recovery after spinal cord injury

作　　者：梁佳佳 孙姣姣 刘文洁 邢政 李奇[2] 李庆雯[1] 褚晓蕾[2] Liang Jiajia;Sun Jiaojiao;Liu Wenjie;Xing Zheng;Li Qi;Li Qingwen;Chu Xiaolei(School of Sports and Health,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China;Tianjin Hospital,Tianjin 300211,China)

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院运动健康学院,天津市301617 [2]天津市天津医院,天津市300211

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第14期3002-3010,共9页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“生物与信息融合(BT与IT融合)”重点专项项目(2023YFF1205200),项目参与人:邢政;天津市自然科学基金面上项目(22JCYBJC00210),项目负责人:李奇;天津市自然科学基金面上项目(22JCYBJC00220),项目负责人:褚晓蕾。

摘　　要：背景:肌电生物反馈技术具有非侵入性、实时反馈、个性化治疗和促进神经可塑性等独特优势,加速了脊髓损伤患者的功能恢复。目的:综述肌电生物反馈联合运动疗法、外骨骼机器人以及虚拟现实技术在脊髓损伤运动功能恢复中的应用现状及治疗效果。方法:应用计算机检索中国知网、PubMed数据库建库至2024年5月期间的相关文献,英文检索词为“Spinal cord injury,EMG biofeedback,physical therapy,robotic exoskeleton,VR,motor function,exercise”,中文检索词为“脊髓损伤,肌电生物反馈,运动疗法,外骨骼机器人,虚拟现实,运动功能,运动”,最终纳入71篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:肌电生物反馈疗法促进脊髓损伤康复的机制包括促进神经可塑性变化、增强神经肌肉连接和改善运动模式。肌电生物反馈作为新兴的技术手段,通常与运动疗法、外骨骼机器人以及虚拟现实联合用于脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复,综合治疗效果得到明显提升。然而目前仍存在一些问题和挑战,例如缺乏机制的详细解析、缺少为结合疗效提供有力证据的大规模试验、技术适应性有限等。未来的研究可以集中在这些方面:提高肌电生物反馈的个性化和精准性;可以探索将肌电生物反馈与更先进的技术或工学设备相结合开发新型康复设备,扩大应用领域;将肌电生物反馈应用到步态训练系统、呼吸训练系统以及四肢联动康复系统中,提高反馈的准确性和个性化治疗方案的效果,同时提高设备的易用性和舒适性。BACKGROUND:Electromyographic biofeedback therapy has demonstrated unique advantages of non-invasive,real-time feedback,personalized treatment and promotion of neuroplasticity,and can promote the recovery of motor function in patients with spinal cord injury.OBJECTIVE:To review the current application status and therapeutic effects of electromyographic biofeedback combined with exercise therapy,robotic exoskeletons,and virtual reality technology in the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury.METHODS:Relevant literature was retrieved from CNKI and PubMed databases up to May 2024.The search terms included“spinal cord injury,EMG biofeedback,physical therapy,robotic exoskeleton,VR,motor function,exercise”in both English and Chinese.Finally,71 articles were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mechanisms by which electromyographic biofeedback therapy promotes spinal cord injury rehabilitation include promoting neural plasticity changes,strengthening neuromuscular connections and improving movement patterns.Electromyographic biofeedback,as an emerging tool for treating spinal cord injury,is often used in conjunction with other therapeutic methods,including exercise therapy,robotic exoskeletons,and VR,to promote the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury.The effectiveness of combination therapy has been significantly improved.However,there are still some problems and challenges,such as the lack of detailed analysis of the mechanism,the lack of large-scale trials that provide strong evidence for combined efficacy,and the limited adaptability of the technology.Future research can focus on these aspects:to improve the personalization and accuracy of electromyographic biofeedback;to develop new rehabilitation equipment and expand the application areas of electromyographic biofeedback combined with more advanced technologies or engineering equipment;to apply electromyographic biofeedback to gait training systems,respiratory training systems,and limb-linkage rehabilitation systems,so as to im

关 键 词：脊髓损伤 肌电生物反馈 运动疗法 外骨骼机器人 联合治疗 运动康复 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学] R651.2