论中国近现代演说的文体建设  

On the Stylistic Development of Modern and Contemporary Chinese Speeches

作　　者：林羚 汪文顶[1] LIN Ling;WANG Wending

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学文学院,福建福州350007

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期127-135,172,共10页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“两岸现代中国散文学史料整理研究暨数据库建设”(18ZDA264)。

摘　　要：中国近现代演说在思想启蒙、文化传播、学术普及和社会动员等方面的功用和价值,及其对近现代文章变革的影响,已获得学界的认同和阐发,但演说作为一种文体的属性和价值,尚需进一步研究。演说源自说话,至晚清时期,演说与报章结合,形成了文言演说和白话演说两种形态,其本质是一种应用文体。到了五四新文化运动时期,演说从应用文体转化为散文文体,形成以说为文、言文相生的特性,具备议论与抒情、理性与感性、审智与审美、启智与移情相结合的文学性和艺术性。演说体散文在近现代多样发展的艺术成就和宝贵经验,对当代演说和散文的传承发展富有启示与借鉴意义。The function and value of modern and contemporary Chinese speeches in ideological enlightenment,cultural dissemination,academic popularization,and social mobilization,as well as their influence on the reform of modern and contemporary writing have been recognized and elaborated by the academic community.However,the literary attributes and value of speeches still need further exploration.In the late Qing Dynasty,speeches were combined with newspapers,leading to the formation of two forms of speeches:classical Chinese speeches and vernacular speeches,but still an applied literary style.During the May Fourth period,speeches shifted from the applied style to a prose style,forming the characteristics of expressing and conveying ideas and viewpoints through exposition,as well as the symbiotic relationship between language and humanistic education.Speeches possess a literary and artistic nature that combines argumentation with emotion,rationality with sensibility,intellect with aesthetics,and enlightenment with empathy.Speeches,particularly in their prose style,have seen diverse artistic achievements and valuable experiences in modern and contemporary times.These developments offer valuable insights and serve as a reference for the inheritance and development of contemporary speech and prose.

关 键 词：演说 演说文体 散文文体 演说体散文 

分 类 号：I207.6[文学—中国文学]