中华民族共同体视域下西藏多语家庭的语言状况  

Linguistic Status of Multilingual Families in Xizang from the Perspective of Chinese National Community

作　　者：曾丹[1] ZENG Dan(College of Humanities,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学人文学院,武汉430056

出　　处：《江汉学术》2024年第5期84-91,共8页JIANGHAN ACADEMIC

基　　金：国家语委重点项目“基于大数据的贫困家庭语言能力状况研究”(ZDI135-87)。

摘　　要：西藏自治区多语家庭是国家通用语言推广、社会经济发展和当地各民族交往交流交融的产物,也是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的天然阵地。以西藏山南地区多语家庭为样本,基于判断抽样展开问卷调查得到的统计结果显示,多语家庭的大部分成人普通话能力较强,他们既认同普通话所带来的国民身份,也较好地传承了本民族语言,成为双语者或多语者。教育与城乡差异是影响其普通话水平的重要因素。在学习普通话的过程中,他们期待获得教材教辅、网络资源、专题培训、就业机会和资格证考试等方面的帮助。为铸牢中华民族共同体意识,推进各民族共同繁荣,相关部门应做好普通话推广的顶层设计、编写分级层进式普通话训练教材、丰富培训形式和类别、加强弱势少数民族语言的传承和保护。Multilingual families in Xizang are a product of the promotion of national lingua franca,social and economic development,and the interaction and integration of local ethnic groups.They are naturally a place for forging a strong sense of Chinese national community.The multilingual families in the Shannan region of Xizang were taken as a sample and a questionnaire survey based on judgmental sampling were conducted.The statistical results show that most of the adults in multilingual families have a strong command of Putonghua;they not only recognize the national identity that comes with Putonghua,but also well inherit their ethnic languages,becoming bilingual or multilingual.Education and urban-rural differences are important factors affecting their Putonghua proficiency.In the process of learning Putonghua,they expect to receive assistance including textbooks and other teaching materials,online resources,thematic training,employment opportunities,and qualification examinations.In order to forge a strong sense of Chinese national community and promote the common prosperity of all ethnic groups,relevant authorities should make a good top-level design for the promotion of Putonghua,compile graded and progressive Putonghua training materials,enrich the forms and types of training,and strengthen the inheritance and protection of disadvantaged minority languages.

关 键 词：中华民族共同体 西藏 多语家庭 普通话推广 语言能力 普通话能力 

分 类 号：H102[语言文字—汉语] H002