经典名方左归饮的历史沿革与关键信息考证  

Historical Evolution and Key Information Research on Famous Classical Formula Zuoguiyin

作　　者：冀迅 孙晓霞 时洋凯 魏凯峰[1] 刘涛[1] JI Xun;SUN Xiaoxia;SHI Yangkai;WEI Kaifeng;LIU Tao(School of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学中医学院,南京210023

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2024年第20期160-168,共9页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目(国中医药人教函[2023]85号);杨进江苏省名老中医药专家传承工作室建设项目(苏中医科教[2021]7号);杨进全国名老中医药专家传承工作室建设项目(国中医药人教函[2022]75号);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20230449)。

摘　　要：左归饮出自明代张介宾所著《景岳全书》,于2023年被收录于《古代经典名方目录(第二批)》。该研究遵循《古代经典名方关键信息考证原则》对古今文献中左归饮的方名源流、配伍组成、药物的基原、炮制、剂量、煎煮法、功效主治等关键信息进行考证。研究发现,左归饮古今配伍组成、药物剂量与炮制、煎煮服用方法等基本沿用原方。左归饮原方剂量换算为熟地黄41.03 g、山药7.46 g、枸杞子7.46 g、炙甘草3.73 g、茯苓5.595 g、山茱萸5.595 g方中药物基原基本清晰,熟地黄选用玄参科植物地黄Rehmannia glutinosa的新鲜或干燥块根经酒炖法或加酒蒸法炮制加工而成;山药选用薯蓣科植物薯蓣Dioscorea opposita的干燥根茎;枸杞子选用茄科植物宁夏枸杞Lycium barbarum的干燥成熟果实;茯苓选用多孔菌科真菌茯苓Poria cocos的干燥菌核;山茱萸选用山茱萸科植物山茱萸Cornus officinalis的干燥成熟果肉;炙甘草选用豆科植物甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis的干燥根和根茎经蜜炙法炮制而成。其服用方法为上诸药加水600 mL,煎至140 mL,空腹服用。左归饮功擅滋阴补肾,主治肾阴不足、阴衰阳盛证,如腰酸遗泄、盗汗、口燥咽干、口渴欲饮、舌光红、脉细数等证。古今多用于治疗多种以肾阴虚证为主的内、妇科及神经、循环、生殖系统疾病。但现代文献对左归饮的现代应用研究及治疗机制研究不多,且市场未见规范化左归饮制剂,开发利用程度不高,仍有很大的研究空间。Zuoguiyin,which first recorded in Jingyue Quanshu written by ZHANG Jiebin in the Ming dynasty,was included in the Catalogue of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas(The Second Batch).This study followed the Principles of Textual Research on Key Information of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas to determine the key information of Zuoguiyin in ancient and modern literature,such as the formula origin,the composition of the formula and the origin of the drugs.It was found that the composition,dosage,preparation and processing methods of Zuoguiyin were basically the same as the original formula.The original dosage of this formula is 41.03 g of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata(the fresh or dried tuberous roots of Rehmannia glutinosa,processed by wine stewing or wine steaming),7.46 g of Dioscoreae Rhizoma(the dried rhizomes of Dioscorea opposita),7.46 g of Lycii Fructus(the dried mature fruit of Lycium barbarum),3.73 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle(the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis,processed by honey-roasted method),5.595 g of Poria(the sclerotium of Poria cocos),5.595 g of Corni Fructus(the dried mature fruit pulp of Cornus officinalis).The method of administration is to add 600 mL of water to all the herbs,decoct to 140 mL and take before meals.The function of Zuoguiyin is to nourish Yin and tonify the kidney,and it is often used in the treatment of lumbar soreness and ejaculation,night sweating,dry mouth and throat,thirst and desire to drink,glossy red tongue,thin and rapid pulse,etc.Since ancient times,Zuoguiyin has been used to treat a variety of internal and gynaecological diseases as well as diseases of the nervous,circulatory and reproductive systems that are predominantly caused by kidney Yin deficiency.However,there is not much research on the modern application and therapeutic mechanism of this formula,and there is no standardized preparation in the market,so the degree of development and utilization is not high,and there is still a lot of room for research.

关 键 词：经典名方 左归饮 功效主治 煎服法 文献考证 基原 肾阴虚 临床应用 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] G254[医药卫生—中医学] R28[文化科学—图书馆学] R94