白鹤滩百万千瓦水轮发电机组转轮动应力特性研究  

Research on Runner Dynamic Stress Characteristic of 1000 MW Hydro Generating Unit of Baihetan Hydropower Station

作　　者：乔鹏 董钟明 周玉国 张双全[2] 刘伦洪[3] 陈喜阳[2] QIAO Peng;DONG Zhong-ming;ZHOU Yu-guo;ZHANG Shuang-quan;LIU Lun-hong;CHEN Xi-yang(Baihetan Hydropower Station,Liangshan 615000,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]白鹤滩水力发电厂,四川凉山615000 [2]华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第9期166-170,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：中国长江三峡集团有限公司技术服务项目(Z532202001)。

摘　　要：转轮是白鹤滩水电站百万千瓦水轮发电机组研发难度最大和制造难题最多的核心部件,为有效预防转轮裂纹,选择白鹤滩水电站右岸#12机组作为研究对象,探索百万千瓦水轮机转轮动应力测量方法,研究运行稳定性和转轮动应力特性,揭示机组转轮动应力真实分布规律,用于指导机组在合理运行区运行,延长叶片使用寿命,提高机组运行可靠性。白鹤滩水电站#12机组稳定性和动应力测试分析表明,机组机械部分制造和安装质量优良,运行稳定性表现优秀;转轮叶片动应力在全负荷范围内保持在较低状态,远低于材料的许用应力值,甩负荷等过渡过程产生的动应力幅值大于稳定工况动应力幅值;稳定工况下,转轮叶片动应力典型频率成分为1.785、42.84、0.45 Hz,这分别是机组转频、24倍转频和涡带频率,对应的动应力分量由蜗壳内非轴对称速度干扰叶片进口流动、活动导叶出口的不均匀流场干扰叶片进口流动和涡带尾水压力脉动引起。Turbine runner is the core component of 1000 MW hydro generating unit in Baihetan Hydropower Station,which is the most difficult to design and manufacture.In order to prevent the runner crack effectively,unit#12 on the right bank of Baihetan Hydropower Station is selected as the research object.To explore the measurement method of 1000 MW runner dynamic stress,study the operation stability and dynamic stress characteristics,and reveal the real distribution rules of runner dynamic stress,it can be used to guide the hydro generating unit in the reasonable operation area,prolong the service life of the runner blade and improve the reliability of the turbine operation.The stability and dynamic stress experimental analysis results indicate that the mechanical part of the unit#12 has good manufacturing and installation quality and excellent running stability performance.The runner dynamic stress is kept in a low state within the full operation area,which is far lower than the allowable stress value of the material.The dynamic stress amplitude generated by the transition process,such as load dumping,is greater than the dynamic stress amplitude of the stable operation condition.Under stable conditions,the typical frequency components of runner blade dynamic stress are 1.785 Hz,42.84 Hz and 0.45 Hz,which are the unit rotation frequency,24 times rotation frequency and vortex band frequency respectively.The corresponding dynamic stress component is caused by the non-axisymmetric velocity in the volute interfering with the blade inlet flow,the non-uniform flow field at the outlet of the movable guide vane interfering with the blade inlet flow and the water pressure pulsation at the vortex tailwater.

关 键 词：百万千瓦 水轮发电机组 转轮 动应力 裂纹 

分 类 号：TV734.1[水利工程—水利水电工程] TK730.7[交通运输工程—轮机工程]