谷子大豆间作下群体光合特性及产量效益分析  

Analysis of Population Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield Benefits of Millet-Soybean Intercropping System

作　　者：李媛 纪晓玲[1,2] 彭涛 王小林 陈乐 曹宇媛 商志盈 张雄 LI Yuan;JI Xiaoling;PENG Tao;WANG Xiaolin;CHEN Le;CAO Yuyuan;SHANG Zhiying;ZHANG Xiong(College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;Engineering and Technology Research Center of Water Saving for Crops in Arid Area of Northern Shaanxi Province,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [2]陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第5期9-17,共9页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省科学技术厅中央引导地方科技发展基金(2022ZY2-GCZX-05);陕西省农业农村厅科技创新驱动项目(2022NYT01);榆林市科学技术局产学研合作项目(CXY-2021-83)。

摘　　要：为探索黄土丘陵沟壑区谷子大豆间作增产增效机制,设置谷子单作(SG)、大豆单作(SD)、谷子大豆行比2∶2(I22)、2∶4(I24)、4∶2(I42)共5个处理,综合分析不同间作处理对群体光合特性、农艺性状及产量效益的影响。结果表明,谷子净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度总体表现为间作高于单作,胞间CO_(2)浓度单作高于间作。其中,间作I24处理谷子灌浆期的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度显著高于I22和I42处理;大豆的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度总体表现为单作高于间作。谷子全生育期株高、茎粗和干物质积累量平均值间作大于单作,其中,成熟期谷子株高I24处理显著高于SG和I22处理,茎粗显著高于SG和I42处理,干物质积累量显著高于SG处理;大豆平均株高间作高于单作,茎粗和干物质积累量间作低于单作,其中,I24处理农艺性状优于I22和I42处理。谷子产量间作大于单作,其中,I24处理较SG、I22、I42处理分别提高45.17%、13.14%、25.66%;大豆产量间作略小于单作,但无显著差异;间作总产量高于单作谷子和单作大豆,具有间作优势,其中I24产量显著高于其他处理,经济效益最佳。To explore the mechanism of increasing yield and benefit of millet-soybean intercropping in loess hilly and gully region,in this study,5 treatments including SG(millet),SD(soybean),I22(millet-soybean row ratio 2∶2),I24(2∶4),and I42(4∶2)were set,the effects of different intercropping treatments on population photosynthetic characteristics,agronomic traits,and yield benefit were comprehensively analyzed.The results showed that net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance of millet in intercropping were generally higher than those in monoculture,and intercellular CO_(2) concentration in monoculture was higher than that in intercropping.The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance of intercropping I24 at filling stage were significantly higher than those in I22 and I42.Net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance of soybean in monoculture were generally higher than those in intercropping.The average plant height,stem diameter,and dry matter accumulation in the entire growth period of millet in intercropping were higher than those in monoculture.The plant height at harvest stage of millet in I24 treatment were significantly higher than that in SG and I22 treatment at maturity,and the stem diameter was significantly higher than that in SG and I42 treatment,the dry matter accumulation was significantly higher than that in SG.The average plant height of soybean in intercropping was higher than that of monoculture,the stem diameter and dry matter accumulation in intercropping were lower than those in monoculture,and the agromic traits in I24 treatment were better than those in I22 and I42.The yield of millet in intercropping was higher than that in monoculture,and the yield in I24 was 45.17%,13.14%,and 25.66%higher than that in SG,I22,and I42,respectively.The yield of soybean in intercropping was slightly lower than that in monoculture,without significant difference.The total yield in intercropping was higher than that in monoculture millet and

关 键 词：谷子 大豆 光合特性 产量 间作 

分 类 号：S44.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]