气候变化背景下南极渔业资源的保护与可持续利用  

Conservation and Sustainable Exploitation of Antarctic Fishery Resources Under Climate Change

作　　者：田永军 刘纯琳 赵玉毅 李建超[1] 刘阳[1] 孙鹏[1] 叶振江[1] Tian Yongjun;Liu Chunlin;Zhao Yuyi;Li Jianchao;Liu Yang;Sun Peng;Ye Zhenjiang(Deep Sea and Polar Fisheries Research Center,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学深远海与极地渔业研究中心,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第10期29-50,共22页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：南极重点海域对气候变化的响应和影响专项(IRASCC02-01)。

摘　　要：南极和南大洋在全球生态系统中承担着渔业资源开发和生物多样性维护等重要功能,但由于其独特的地理条件,导致其相关研究数据短缺,尚未全面、准确地获取南极渔业生物对气候变化响应模式及对生态系统反馈作用的信息,不同区域生物所展现出的复杂性也增加了极地生物资源研究的难度。过去的捕捞使南极海洋哺乳类和一些重要的鱼类种群资源严重受损,在未来气候变化和人类活动多重压力胁迫下,南极生物资源的保护和合理利用变得尤为重要。本文针对南极气候和环境的变化特征以及渔业生物研究现状,汇总了近几十年南极渔业资源的开发利用状况和最新的资源变化信息,以期为南极渔业资源保护与可持续利用提供参考。Antarctica and the Southern Ocean play vital roles in the global ecosystem regarding the exploitation of fishery resources and the conservation of biodiversity.The unique geographical conditions and the scarcity of data present considerable obstacles in ascertaining the response patterns of Antarctic fishery species to climate change and their effects on the Southern Ocean ecosystem.The complexity in different regions further complicates the study of their potential dynamics.The historical exploitation of marine resources has resulted in significant adverse impacts on marine mammals and several economically important fish stocks.In the face of the dual pressures of climate change and human activities,the protection of Antarctic fishery resources is particularly important.The objective of this review is to provide relevant references and suggestions to the protection and rational utilization of these species.To achieve this,a summary of their current state of research under unique climate and environmental features is presented,which includes an examination of their exploitation and utilization and the observed dynamics over the past few decades.

关 键 词：气候变化 海冰 南极磷虾 南极鱼类 海洋哺乳类 资源动态 生态响应 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源] S937.3[农业科学—水产科学]