言语加工过程中预测的形成:影响因素和神经机制  

Prediction formation during speech perception:Factors and neural mechanisms

作　　者：隋雪 李昱霖 岳泽明 刘新 李雨桐 刘顺华 SUI Xue;LI Yulin;YUE Zeming;LIU Xin;LI Yutong;LIU Shunhua(School of Psychology,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China;School of Education Science,Anshun University,Anshun 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理学院,大连116029 [2]安顺学院教育科学学院,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2024年第10期1659-1669,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230907276300605);贵州省普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字【2022】042号)资助。

摘　　要：预测性加工是指在词汇语义加工之前进行有效地预测形成预测性认知。预测性认知形成有两个主要影响因素:先验知识和语境信息。两个因素对预测性认知形成共同作用,相互促进。已形成的预测性认知在后续语义加工过程中还会发生相应的改变。本文梳理了能够解释预测性认知形成的理论并探讨了预测性认知形成的神经机制。最后从性别因素、语境信息呈现的时间、语境信息的唤醒度、自变量的控制等方面对未来研究进行了展望。Predictive processing refers to the effective prediction to form predictive cognition before lexical semantic processing.There are two main factors influencing the formation of predictive cognition:prior knowledge and contextual information.The two factors contribute to predictive cognition and promote each other.The formed predictive cognition will also change in the subsequent semantic processing.This paper reviews the theories that can explain the formation of predictive cognition and explores the neural mechanism of the formation of predictive cognition.Finally,the future research is prospected from the aspects of gender,the time of presentation of contextual information,the arousal of contextual information and the control of independent variables.

关 键 词：预测性加工 预测性认知 先验知识 语境信息 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]