北京某高校附属医学院临床医学专业八年制学生心理健康状况及其影响因素研究  

Mental health status and influencing factors among undergraduate students in an eight-year clinical medicine program at a medical college affiliated with a university in Beijing

作　　者：乔静[1] 赖丽娜[1] 齐建光[1] 张静[1] QIAO Jing;LAI Lina;QI Jianguang;ZHANG Jing(Peking University First Hospital Education Department,Beijing 100034,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院教育处,北京100034

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第6期401-404,428,共5页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：北京大学医学部2023年学工研究课题立项资助项目(BYXG230106)。

摘　　要：目的了解临床医学专业八年制学生心理健康现状及其影响因素,为开展心理健康工作提供支持。方法采用问卷调查方法,选取北京某高校附属医学院2015-2020级257名临床医学八年制学生,利用自制问卷及症状自评量表(SCL-90),调查其心理健康状况和影响因素,并采用χ^(2)检验、非参数检验及logistic回归模型分析其心理健康状况差异及其影响因素。结果八年制医学生SCL-90总分为(139.85±58.72)分,SCL-90阳性率为42.02%(108/257);八年制医学生SCL-90症状阳性检出率在是否经常锻炼、是否进入二级学科以及对临床医学专业是否满意等方面不同,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);二元logistic回归分析显示:对临床医学专业满意、经常锻炼为学生心理健康的保护性因素(P<0.05),进入二级学科为学生心理健康的危险因素(P<0.05)。46.69%(120/257)的学生比较了解心理学知识并认为学校/医院有必要开设心理辅导方面的课程或讲座,53.70%(138/257)的学生愿意参加心理学知识和技能培训;57.20%(147/257)的学生认为自己最近出现不同程度的焦虑或者抑郁情绪,其压力来源在人际交往、学习与考试、毕业论文、就业找工作、经济问题方面,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);应对方式主要为转移注意力81.6%(120/147)、发泄及压抑41.5%(61/147)以及心理门诊就医求助4.08%(6/147)。结论北京某高校附属医学院八年制医学生心理健康问题总体不容乐观,应有针对性地开展心理健康干预。Objective This study was aimed at understanding the current state of mental health and influencing factors among undergraduate students in an eight-year program in clinical medicine,to provide support for psychological health initiatives.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 257 students in an eight-year clinical medical program at a medical college affiliated with a university in Beijing,who were enrolled between 2015 and 2020.The survey used a self-made questionnaire and the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90)to investigate mental health status and relevant influencing factors.Differences in mental health status and influencing factors were analyzed with theχ^(2) test,non-parametric tests,and logistic regression models.Results The students’SCL-90 total score was 139.85±58.72,and a positive symptom rating was observed in 42.02%of students(108/257).Statistically significant differences were observed in the students’SCL-90 symptom positivity according to characteristics including frequent exercise,entry into a secondary discipline,and satisfaction with the clinical medical specialty(all P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that satisfaction with the clinical medical specialty and frequent exercise were protective factors(P<0.05),whereas entry into a secondary discipline was a risk factor(P<0.05),regarding the students’mental health.A total of 46.69%(120/257)of students had relatively good psychological knowledge and believed that schools/hospitals should offer courses or lectures on psychological counseling.A total of 53.70%(138/257)of students were willing to participate in training on psychological knowledge and skills;moreover,57.20%(147/257)of students felt that they had recently experienced varying degrees of anxiety ordepression,and statistically significant differences were observed in sources of stress,such as interpersonal communication,studying and examination,graduation theses,job searching,and financial issues(all P<0.05).The main coping strategies were distraction,venting a

关 键 词：临床医学八年制 心理健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]