教育数字化转型背景下在线开放课程发展研究  

Research on the Development of Online Open Courses under the Background of Digital Education Transformation

作　　者：张策 初佃辉[3] 刘鹏[4] 魏萌 王宇彬 Ce ZHANG;Dianhui CHU;Peng LIU;Meng WEI;Yubin WANG(Academic Affairs Office,Harbin Institute of Technology(Weihai),Weihai 264209,Shandong;School of Computer Science and Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology(Weihai),Weihai 264209,Shandong;The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)继续教育学院,山东威海264209 [2]哈尔滨工业大学国际教育学院,山东威海264209 [3]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)计算机学院,山东威海264209 [4]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)教务处,山东威海264209 [5]香港大学计算与数据科学学院,中国香港999077

出　　处：《中国教育信息化》2024年第9期97-107,共11页Chinese Journal of ICT in Education

基　　金：2021年度教育部高等教育司项目“在线开放课程建设指南、标准规范以及教学与服务模式创新研究”;2023年度哈尔滨工业大学(威海)教育教学改革研究项目“内涵要素—关联逻辑—核心举措:课程建设与课堂教学改革基本范式”(编号:2023MSZZ01);2024年度哈尔滨工业大学(威海)“AI+高等教育”数字化转型教学改革研究专项“数字再造·智慧迭变·阐幽明微——教育数字化转型背景下AI赋能新形态课程建设研究”;2024年度哈尔滨工业大学(威海)实验教学和教学实验室建设研究项目“线上线下混合·虚拟实操结合·产业技术导向——‘计算机组成原理’新形态实验教学研究与探索”(编号:2024SYZZ03)。

摘　　要：信息技术持续推动人类社会迈向数字时代,全球范围内数字化建设方兴未艾,世界高等教育数字化转型深入发展,以慕课为代表的在线开放课程正在重塑。通过回顾中国慕课十年发展成就,从六个维度阐述中国慕课作为中国高等教育的对外交流展示名片,继而从名师课程开放、优质资源共享、教学模式创新、跨地域网络教研和深化教学改革角度论述中国慕课创造的世界性先例。针对数字化转型时代背景,聚焦信息技术赋能教育教学、保持慕课开放融合特质、支持专业建设与专业人才培养三个方面,分析数字化转型背景下在线开放课程发展趋向,着重针对人工智能与元宇宙对数字化教学变革的驱动,重点论述二者对在线开放课程的重构,并对慕课与人工智能式在线课程、慕课与元宇宙式在线课程进行了比较分析。在此基础上,从慕课特质角度,分析在线开放课程在高等教育数字化转型中所处的地位,强调在线开放课程的头部引领作用。据此提出,面向未来,教育工作者要勇于拥抱技术赋能教育教学的数字变革时代,推动在线开放课程在迎接数字化转型全球浪潮的洗礼中创新求变、迭变升级。Information technology continues to drive human society into the digital age,with digital construction progressing worldwide.The global higher education digital transformation is deepening,and online open courses represented by MOOCs are undergoing reshaping.This paper first reviews the development achievements of China’s MOOCs over the past decade,elaborating on six dimensions to demonstrate China’s MOOCs as a showcase of China’s higher education in international exchanges.It then discusses the world-class precedents set by China’s MOOCs from the perspectives of open courses by renowned professors,sharing of high-quality resources,innovation in teaching modes,cross-regional networked teaching and research,and deepening of educational reforms.In the context of the digital transformation era,focusing on how information technology empowers education and teaching,maintains the open and inclusive characteristics of MOOCs,and supports professional development and talent cultivation,this paper analyzes the development trends of online open courses in the digital transformation era.Emphasizing the role of AI and the metaverse in driving the transformation of digital teaching,it discusses their impact on the restructuring of online open courses,comparing and analyzing MOOCs with AI-driven online courses and MOOCs with metaverse-style online courses.Finally,from the perspective of MOOC characteristics,it analyzes the position of online open courses in higher education digital transformation,emphasizing their leading role.Looking towards the future,people must embrace the digital transformation era where technology empowers education and teaching,and drive online open courses to innovate and evolve in the global wave of digital transformation.

关 键 词：数字化转型 在线开放课程 慕课 人工智能 元宇宙 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]