大型养殖工船氧锥设计与运行效果试验  

Engineering design and performance experiment of speece cone for the aquaculture vessel

作　　者：林礼群 马凤爽 张耀明 徐志强[1] 邹海生[1] 王云杰[1] LIN Liqun;MA Fengshuang;ZHANG Yaoming;XU Zhiqiang;ZOU Haisheng;WANG Yunjie(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,农业农村部渔业装备与工程技术重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2024年第5期48-55,共8页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目“深远海设施渔业科技示范工程(2021SFGC0701)”;国家重点研发计划课题“舱养平台智能化养殖装备研制(2022YFD2401104)”。

摘　　要：保证养殖水体适宜的溶氧浓度对养殖鱼类的健康生长至关重要。为满足养殖工船超大封闭水体及高密度养殖的需氧要求,以氧锥作为研究对象,建立氧锥尺寸模型,根据双膜理论与菲克定律以及增氧机增氧能力试验标准,开展氧锥增氧性能试验。结果显示:氧锥出口的溶氧质量浓度能达到40 mg/L,超饱溶氧接近400%,实现超高溶氧饱和度;在氧气进气量为7.6 m^(3)/h,氧锥操作压力为0.07~0.25 MPa条件下,增氧能力受操作压力影响不明显,但是最佳进气量范围受操作压力影响显著。操作压力越大,当氧气进气量增大时,越不容易形成大气泡析出水面,从而保持较高的氧气利用率;在氧气进气量大于6.5 m^(3)/h,操作压力为0.07~0.25 MPa,每个养殖舱配置1个氧锥能满足养殖舱氧量需求。该研究为大型养殖工船增氧设备的工程设计及稳定高效运行提供了基础数据。Ensuring the appropriate dissolved oxygen concentration in the aquaculture water is crucial to the healthy growth of cultured fish.In order to meet the oxygen demand requirements for high-density aquaculture with super large water capacity of aquaculture vessel.According to the double membrane theory and Fick’s law,as well as the testing standards for the oxygenation capacity of aerators,a speece cone size model was designed and its oxygen enhancement performance tests were conducted.The experiment results show that the dissolved oxygen concentration at the outlet of the speece cone reaches 40 mg/L,and the supersaturated dissolved oxygen is close to 400%,achieving ultra-high saturation dissolved oxygen.Under the conditions of an oxygen intake rate of 7.6 m^(3)/h and an oxygen cone operating pressure of 0.07-0.25 MPa,the oxygenation capacity is not significantly affected by the operating pressure.However,the optimal intake rate range is significantly affected by the operating pressure.The higher the operating pressure,the less likely it is to form large bubbles on the water surface when the oxygen intake rate increases,thus maintaining a higher oxygen utilization rate.When the oxygen intake is greater than 6.5 m^(3)/h and the operating pressure is between 0.07 MPa and 0.25 MPa,each aquaculture cabin is equipped with one speece cone of this structural size to meet the oxygen demand of the aquaculture cabin.The oxygenation capacity of this speece cone is significantly higher than other oxygenation devices,and its power efficiency is also higher than most oxygenation devices,which is suitable for oxygenation of aquaculture vessel.This study provides basic data for the engineering design and stable and efficient operation of the oxygen enrichment equipment of aquaculture vessel.

关 键 词：养殖工船 高密度养殖 氧锥 增氧能力 操作压力 

分 类 号：S951.3[农业科学—水产养殖]