从“绝对风格”看朗西埃对萨特的“哲人王”批判——以福楼拜为中心  

Rancière’s Critique of Sartre’s“Philosopher King”in the Light of the“Absolute Style”:Centred on Flaubert

作　　者：陈子潇 CHEN Zixiao(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2024年第9期15-24,共10页Journal of Yibin University

摘　　要：福楼拜受“为艺术而艺术”思潮的影响形成了独特的“绝对风格”式写作,他刻意保持一种客观的叙事方式,避免在作品中表达自己的意图。然而萨特认为,文学应承担其相应的社会责任,作者应借助作品传达相应的思想,因此福楼拜的“不介入性”成为萨特批判的重点。而作为相对晚近的思想家,福楼拜的“绝对风格”以及萨特的反应也得到了朗西埃的关注。基于“激进平等”的主张,与萨特针锋相对的是,朗西埃不仅认为“绝对风格”实际上解放了读者,他同时也批判萨特的存在主义介入文学观是一种“哲人王”傲慢。因此以“绝对风格”为线索,可以管窥朗西埃对萨特知识分子姿态批评的根由。Influenced by the“art for art’s sake”trend,Flaubert formed a unique“absolute style”of writing,and he deliberately maintained an objective narrative style,avoiding expressing his own intentions in his works.However,Sartre believed that literature should take its corresponding social responsibility,and the author should convey the corresponding ideas with the help of his works.Therefore,Flaubert’s“noninvolvement”became the focus of Sartre’s criticism.As a relatively recent thinker,Flaubert’s“absolute style”and Sartre’s reaction also received Rancière’s attention.Based on the idea of“radical equality”,in contrast to Sartre,Rancière not only believed that the“absolute style”actually liberated the reader,but also criticised Sartre’s existentialist interventionist view of literature as a kind of“philosopher king”arrogance.Therefore,taking“absolute style”as a clue,the root of Rancière’s criticism of Sartre’s intellectual posture could be found.

关 键 词：绝对风格 福楼拜 朗西埃 萨特 介入 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]