当代生态伦理的叙事困境与儒家生态伦理的人性叙事  

The Narrative Dilemma of Contemporary Ecological Ethics andthe Narrative of Humanity in Confucian Ecological Ethics

作　　者：张聪惠 陆永胜 ZHANG Cong-hui;LU Yong-sheng(School of Marxism,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学马克思主义学院,南京211189

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期129-136,共8页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：贵州省哲学社会科学规划国学单列课题“明代心学教化思想研究”(23GZGX05);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目“儒家道德秩序思想及其当代育人价值研究”(KYCX23_0214)。

摘　　要：当代生态伦理面临着如何叙事非人生物道德性的叙事困境。强调以人或自然为中心的西方生态伦理叙事易将人与自然万物主体间的共生关系导向为一种非此即彼的机械性对象关系,既不合人性也不合自然目的性。儒家生态伦理以“天人合一”为基本精神,从人心叙天地的叙事视角切入,以人仁叙物德为叙事逻辑,在叙事内容上呈现为“得于天成于仁”的天人连续与互动交叉的自然人性叙事。在叙事方法上,儒家以日用经验之“下学”叙超验至善之“上达”,将人是“天地之心”的独特价值与人“为天地立心”的自觉责任贯通起来,达成合自然目的的与合人性目的的叙事效果。这有助于消弭生态伦理内部的“中心”之争,整合事实描述与价值判断,以积极的时中观建构人性主动实践论,避免消极被动的道德还原论。Contemporary ecological ethics faces a narrative dilemma of how to narrate the moralities of non-human entities.Western ecological narratives,which emphasize human or nature-centered perspectives,tend to reduce the symbiotic relationship between humans and all living entities to a mechanical object relationship of either/or,which is neither in accordance with human nature nor aligned with the purposes of nature.Confucian ecological ethics,with the fundamental spirit of“the unity of heaven and humanity”,approaches the narrative from the perspective of the human hearts narrating the universe,using the logic of narrating material virtues through human benevolence.The narrative content presents a natural humanistic discourse characterized by the continuous and interactive intersection of“gained from heaven and achieved through benevolence”.In terms of narrative methods,Confucianism connects the unique value of humans as“the heart of heaven and earth”with the conscious responsibility of humans to“establish a heart for heaven and earth”,achieving a narrative effect that aligns human purposes with natural objectives.This approach helps to mitigate the internal“center”disputes within ecological ethics,integrating factual descriptions with value judgments,and constructing a proactive humanistic practice theory through a positive temporal perspective,thereby avoiding a negative,passive moral reductionism.

关 键 词：生态伦理 叙事困境 儒家 人性叙事 

分 类 号：B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学]