僧诗总集与晚明清初的丛林习诗热潮——以稀见文献《珠林风雅》为典型  

Anthologies and the Poetry Boom in the Late Ming and Early Qing's Monastic Circles:A Case Study of Zhulin Fengya

作　　者：李瑄[1] Li Xuan

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院,成都610200

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期107-115,213,214,共11页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：四川大学“从0到1”创新研究项目“晚明清初佛教宗派与文学文献整理研究”(2023CX07)。

摘　　要：《珠林风雅》是晚明清初僧诗风气高涨的产物,也是古典诗歌总集编印高潮时期的典型样本。它生动地反映了诗歌从个别精英僧人的专利,到清初发展为一般文化僧都能够参与的文学活动。这是明清之际诗学家徐增编选的僧诗总集,以寺院为中心,选录了灵隐寺住持晦山戒显及僧众十余人的诗作一百余首。戒显入选最多,其中的《题武昌黄鹤楼》不仅当时“天下传颂”,而且逐渐流传为两种版本。版本差异显现了清代政治规训力量的强悍,也显现了僧诗在诗坛的影响。其他僧人也大半编有自己的诗集,但对入选仍极为热心,他们不仅期待借助传播性更强的诗歌总集传世不朽,也希望跻身为寺院文化的塑造者。晚明清初僧诗文献大量存世,无论种类还是数量都已远远超过前代,却很少受到学界关注。这一存世文献与研究成果极不对应的现象,提醒研究者重新审视佛教文学史的认识框架。As a product of the upsurge in monastic poetry during the late Ming and early Qing period,Zhulin Fengya is a typical work in the climax of compiling anthologies of classical poetry.Its publication demonstrated that poetry had become so popular that even ordinary monks were eager to participate in these activities.This poetry collection,based on Lingyin Temple during the ninth year of the Kangxi era,was compiled and commented on by the renowned Suzhou poet Xu Zeng,constructing a poetic world with the abbot of Lingyin Temple,Huishan Jiexian,as the central figure and the resident monks as the supporting cast.Jiexian,an accomplished master of the Linji Sect and a leader among the Ming loyalist monks,enjoyed high prestige in the cultural circles of the early Qing.His poem“Ti Wuchang Huanghelou”was widely celebrated at the time,but it underwent textual amendments when Shen Deqian included it in the Qingshi Biecai Ji,and its authorship even became an issue in the Wanqingyi Shihui.These changes reflect the strong cultural influence of the Qing government and the struggle between monastic poets and the monarch's power within the literati community.Many of the selected monk poets had already had their own collections,but they were keen to be included in Zhulin Fengya.This honor would not only expand their readership but would also establish them as representatives of Lingyin Temple's culture.The desire to be part of Zhulin Fengya motivated monks to participate actively,and by comparing the three surviving versions of the collection,one can trace their efforts.The number of monastic poetry documents from the late Ming to the early Qing far exceeds that of previous dynasties,both in variety and quantity,but these works have attracted little attention of today's scholars.This phenomenon calls on researchers to reexamine the cognitive framework of Buddhist literary history.Current research on Buddhist poetry primarily focuses on two aspects:the study of renowned poets and the connections between Buddhism and literary conce

关 键 词：晚明清初 僧诗总集 《珠林风雅》 徐增 晦山戒显 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]