应对方式在中学生家庭环境与抑郁症状间的中介作用  

Mediating effect of coping strategies on the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms in middle school students

作　　者：丁淑艳 赵萍 宋启璇 闫妍 曾庆枝[2] 卢国强 DING Shu-yan;ZHAO Ping;SONG Qi-xuan;YAN Yan;ZENG Qing-zhi;LU Guo-qiang(Training and Education Department of Qingpu District Mental Health Center,Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai 201721,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海市青浦区精神卫生中心培训教育科,上海201721 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心心理健康促进科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第18期3332-3337,3380,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市青浦区科技发展基金项目(QKY2020-13);青浦区科技发展基金项目(QKY2022-33)。

摘　　要：目的 探寻不同的家庭环境对中学生抑郁的影响,以及应对方式是否在这个过程中发挥作用。方法 通过多阶段抽样抽取青浦区4所中学的1 902名学生进行问卷调查,问卷包括:自编一般情况调查问卷收集受试者性别、年龄、家庭环境等相关信息;中学生应对方式量表检测各项应对方式因子得分;9项患者健康问卷(Patient Health Questionnaire,PHQ-9)检测抑郁得分。采用t检验、秩和检验、Pearson相关分析和Spearman秩相关分析进行差异分析或相关分析;利用SPSS Process程序进行中介效应分析。结果 不利家庭环境下(离异/单亲的家庭结构、不和/争吵的家庭氛围以及家庭经济状况一般及以下)的初中生抑郁得分显著高于有利家庭环境下(家庭结构为稳定婚姻、家庭氛围和睦融洽以及家庭经济状况优越)的初中生。有利家庭环境中的中学生“指向问题的应对”分量表得分较高、“指向情绪的应对”分量表得分较低;不利家庭环境中的中学生则相反。中介效应分析结果显示指向情绪的应对方式在家庭结构(β=0.212,95%CI:0.029~0.421)、家庭氛围(β=0.304,95%CI:0.169~0.461)和家庭经济状况(β=0.261,95%CI:0.058~0.491)对中学生抑郁程度的影响中发挥部分中介作用,其中介效应值分别占总效应值的9.83%、15.13%和13.85%;指向问题的应对方式在家庭结构(β=0.316,95%CI:0.139~0.521)、家庭氛围(β=0.455,95%CI:0.311~0.626)和家庭经济状况(β=0.505,95%CI:0.306~0.730)对中学生抑郁程度的影响中也发挥部分中介作用,其中介效应值分别占总效应值的14.68%、22.72%和26.75%。结论 不利家庭环境会影响中学生的抑郁症状严重程度,而应对方式在这个过程中发挥了部分中介作用。Objective To explore the influence of family environment on depression in middle school students,and explore the role of coping styles in this process.Methods Amulti-level sampling method was conduct in Qingpu District.A total of 1 902 junior and senior school students from four middle schools were investigated.The questionnaires included self-designed questionnaire which was used for collecting the students' information of gender,age,family environment and so on,coping style questionnaire for middle school students which was used for evaluating the scores of coping factors,Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9) which was used for evaluating the scores of depression.The t-Test,Mann-Whitney Test,Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis were used for difference analysis or correlation analysis,and the SPSS Process was used for Mediation analysis.Results ThePHQ-9 scores of junior high school students in the adverse family environment(divorced/single-parent family,unharmonious family atmosphere,and non-wealthy family) were significantly higher than those in favorable family environment(non-divorced/single-parent family,harmonious family atmosphere,and wealthy family).Students in the adverse family environment scored higher in "problem-focused coping" and lower in "emotion-focused coping",while students in adverse family environment scored the opposite.The results of mediation analysis showed that "emotion-focused coping" played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure(β=0.212,95%CI:0.029-0.421) or family atmosphere(β=0.304,95%CI:0.169-0.461) or family economic status(β=0.261,95%CI:0.058-0.491) in the middle school students,and the mediation effect accounted for 9.83%,15.13% and 13.85% of the total effect respectively."Problem-focused coping" also played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure(β=0.316,95%CI:0.139-0.521) or family atmosphere(β=0.455,95%CI:0.311-0.626) or family economic status(β=0.505,

关 键 词：中学生 家庭环境 抑郁 应对方式 中介效应分析 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]