四川省4~6年级小学生家庭作业时长对近视影响的分析  

Analysis of the effect of homework time on myopia in grade 4-6 pupils,Sichuan Province

作　　者：周亮[1] 李阳 张福艳 师春立 朱鸿斌[1] ZHOU Liang;LI Yang;ZHANG Fu-yan;SHI Chun-li;ZHU Hong-bin(Center for Disease Control and Prevention for Sichuan,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]自贡市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第18期3338-3345,共8页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探索家庭作业时长对小学生近视的影响,并评估其在不同年级学生中的差异。方法 设四川省21个市(州)183个区(县)为研究点,每个研究点随机抽取2所小学,以整班为单位抽取4~6年级学生,每个学校每年级至少抽取80人进行视力筛查并完成问卷调查。采用logistic回归分析的方法研究家庭作业时长对近视的影响。结果 47 054名4~6年级小学生纳入研究,4年级占32.5%,5年级占33.4%,6年级占34.0%;4~6年级小学生近视率为50.3%,并随年级增长而增高。控制协变量后,以平均每天家庭作业时长<1 h为参照,作业时间1~<2 h为近视的危险因素(OR=1.059,P=0.008)。按性别分层分析,在男生中观察到相同效应(OR=1.102,P=0.001),5年级男生效应最明显(OR=1.123,P=0.026)。按学生所在地区的经济水平分层分析,在地区经济水平好的学生中也观察到相同的效应(OR=1.097,P=0.005)。结论 家庭作业可能会增加小学生近视的风险,建议科学、合理地安排家庭作业时长。Objective To explore the effect of homework time on myopia of primary school students and evaluate its differences among different grades.Methods A total of 183 districts in 21 cities of Sichuan Province were selected as research sites.Two primary schools were randomly selected from each research site,and students in grades 4-6 were selected form the whole class basis.At least 80 students from each school were selected for visual screening and questionnaire survey.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of homework duration on myopia.Results 47 054 students from grades 4 to 6 were included in the study,including 32.5% in grade 4,33.4% in grade 5 and 34.0% in grade 6.The myopia rate of students in grades 4-6 was 50.3%,and it increased with the increase of grade.After controlling covariates,the average daily homework time<1 h was taken as reference,and the homework time of 1-2 hours was the risk factor for myopia(OR=1.059,P=0.008).Stratified by sex,the same effect was observed in male students(OR=1.102,P=0.001),and was most pronounced in male students in grade 5(OR=1.123,P=0.026).The same effect was observed among students with good economic level(OR=1.097,P=0.005).Conclusion Homework may increase the risk of myopia of primary school students.It is suggested to arrange homework time scientifically and reasonably.

关 键 词：小学生 家庭作业 近视 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]