CO_(2)相变冲击下岩石损伤演化规律研究  

Research on evolution law of rock damage under CO_(2) phase change impact

作　　者：李浩田 阿比尔的 贺林林[1] 蒲运杰 刘明维[1] 韩亚峰 LI Haotian;ABI Erdi;HE Linin;PU Yunjie;LIU Mingwei;HAN Yafeng(National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation of Chongqing Jiaotong University,Key Laboratory of Geological Disaster Reduction for Highway and Water Transportation in Mountainous Areas,Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心,山区公路水运交通地质减灾重庆市教委重点实验室,重庆400074

出　　处：《长沙理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期91-102,共12页Journal of Changsha University of Science & Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41907261、42302332);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(CSTB2023NSCQMSX0913、CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0738);重庆交通大学研究生科研创新项目(2022S0023)。

摘　　要：【目的】CO_(2)相变致裂技术具有环保、低危险、便于控制等优点,被广泛应用于矿产开采、工程施工等领域。探究CO_(2)相变致裂损伤演化规律对爆破施工参数的选取具有重要意义。【方法】针对等当量炸药损伤模型描述CO_(2)相变破岩过程的局限性,采用理想气体状态方程表述超临界CO_(2)相变过程,结合Mises准则给出相变作用下的岩石损伤半径计算模型,基于LS-DYNA软件建立相变作用下岩石损伤计算模型,分析了CO_(2)相变作用下岩石损伤演化规律,并进一步讨论了破裂压力、致裂管型号等参数对岩石损伤演化的影响。【结果】建立的相变岩石损伤半径计算模型能较好地评价岩石的损伤范围;相变冲击使岩石产生径向裂隙,CO_(2)相变气体嵌入主裂纹附近的裂缝中,裂纹尖端效应促使岩体产生更为密集的环向裂隙及细小的轴向裂隙。数值模拟结果显示,在174、250、290 MPa三种破裂压力下,85型致裂管产生的裂隙区范围分别为0.42、0.43、0.46 m;裂隙长度的增大幅度则随着管径的增大而减小,51型、85型、100型三种型号致裂管在290 MPa的破裂压力下产生的裂隙平均长度比在174 MPa下的分别提高13.2%、5.75%、1.41%;破裂压力为250 MPa时,三种致裂管所产生的裂隙区范围分别为0.42、0.43、0.47 m;在这三种破裂压力下,100型致裂管下的裂隙平均长度比51型致裂管下的分别增加14.2%、11.1%、2.4%;此外,随着破裂压力和致裂管管径两个参数的增大,相变致裂所产生的主裂隙和环向裂隙增多,岩石的裂隙平均长度增大。【结论】研究结果可为CO_(2)相变致裂施工的损伤控制、技术参数选取等提供参考。[Purposes]CO_(2) phase change fracturing technology has the advantages of environmental protection,low risk,and easy control,and it is widely used in mineral mining,engineering construction,and other fields.Exploring the evolution law of CO_(2) phase change fracturing-induced damage is of great significance for the selection of blasting construction parameters.[Methods]In response to the limitations of the damage model of equivalent explosives to describe CO_(2) phase change rock breaking process,the ideal gas state equation was used to describe the supercritical CO_(2) phase change process.Combined with the Mises criterion,a calculation model for rock damage radius under phase change was given.Based on LS-DYNA software,a rock damage calculation model under phase change was established,and the evolution law of rock damage under phase change was analyzed.Furthermore,the influence of parameters such as the fracturing pressure and the type of fracturing tube on the evolution of rock damage was analyzed.[Findings]The established model for calculating the rock damage radius under phase change can effectively evaluate the damage range of rocks.Phase change impact causes radial cracks in the rock,and CO_(2) phase change gas is embedded in the cracks near the main crack.The crack tip effect promotes the formation of denser circumferential cracks and smaller axial cracks in the rock mass.According to numerical simulations,the range of crack zones generated by the type 85 fracturing tube is 0.42,0.43,and 0.46 m,respectively,under fracturing pressures of 174,250,and 290 MPa.The increase amplitude of crack length slows down with the increase in pipe diameter.The average length of cracks generated by the three types of fracturing tubes including type 51,type 85,and type 100 under a fracturing pressure of 290 MPa is 13.2%,5.75%,and 1.41%higher than that under 174 MPa,respectively.When the fracturing pressure is 250 MPa,the range of crack zones generated by the three types of fracturing tubes is 0.42,0.43,and 0.47 m,respectivel

关 键 词：CO_(2)相变致裂 等当量炸药 损伤半径 影响因素 裂隙尺寸 

分 类 号：TD872[矿业工程—非金属矿开采]