曹丕诗赋引《诗》用《诗》及其《诗》学意义  

The Citation and Use of the Book of Songs in Cao Pi’s Poetry and Proses and Its Significance in the Study of the Book of Songs

作　　者：张莹莹 ZHANG Yingying(College of Liberal Arts,Guangxi University,Nanning Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学文学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《重庆文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期82-92,共11页Journal of Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences（Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“《全汉赋》新辑、汇校、汇注、汇评”(22&ZD264)。

摘　　要：曹丕现存诗51首,赋29篇,这些作品引《诗》用《诗》频率高达103次。其中《风》55次,《大雅》11次,《小雅》34次,《颂》3次,体现了他对《诗经》尤其是《风》《雅》的熟悉和重视。这样的引《诗》用《诗》偏好,与曹丕独特而复杂的人生经历密切相关,表现了曹丕强烈的人君思贤之忧,彰显了曹丕个体独特而浓郁的身心孤独和矛盾体验,反映了广阔的社会生活图景和曹丕心怀苍生的崇高理想,表明他对《诗经》抒情言志功能的接受和肯定。其中所蕴含的抒情性目的和政治性目的,正是窥探曹丕诗赋情感表达的重要窗口。在传统经学受到冲击的情况下,曹丕以人君这一特殊身份提供文学外部条件,并在诗赋中广泛而频繁地引《诗》用《诗》,不仅是对《诗经》言志传统、抒情功能的继承和发展,还在引《诗》篇目、频率、题材、形式及目的等方面呈现出与汉代不同的风貌,进一步扩大了引用范围。这些实践对汉魏之际文人继承《诗经》传统、扩大引《诗》用《诗》范围、助推《诗经》的传播有着积极的先导性意义。Cao Pi currently has 51 poems and 29 proses,with a frequency of 103 citations and poems used in these works.Among them,he cited Feng 55 times,Daya 11 times,Xiaoya 34 times,and the Ode 3 times,reflecting his familiarity and importance to the Book of Songs,especially Feng and Ya.This preference for quoting and using the Book of Songs is closely related to Cao Pi’s unique and complex life experiences,reflecting his strong concern for the virtuous as an emperor,highlighting his unique and rich experience of physical and mental loneliness and contradiction,reflecting the vast social life landscape and Cao Pi’s lofty ideals of the mortal world,and indicating his acceptance and affirmation of the lyrical and inspirational function of the Book of Songs.The lyrical and political purposes contained therein are an important window for exploring the emotional expression of Cao Pi’s poetry and proses.In the context of the impact on traditional Confucian classics,Cao Pi provided literary external conditions as a special figure of human ruler,and extensively and frequently cited and used the Book of Songs in his poetry and proses,which not only inherited and developed the tradition of expressing aspirations and expressing emotions in the Book of Songs,but also presented a different style from the Han Dynasty in terms of the content,frequency,materials,form,and purpose of the cited poetry,further expanding the scope of citation.These practices have a positive significance for literati during the Han and Wei dynasties to inherit the tradition of the Book of Songs,expand the scope of citing and using the Book of Songs,and promote the dissemination of the Book of Songs.

关 键 词：曹丕 诗赋 引《诗》 用《诗》 《诗》学意义 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]