耕地土壤地球化学元素富集与风化淋溶特征分析——以杭州市为例  

Analysis of geochemical element enrichment and weathering leaching characteristics in farmland soil:A case study of Hangzhou City

作　　者：俞伯汀 管敏琳 王其春 孔海民 解怀生 郑基滋 林钟扬 YU Bo-ting;GUAN Min-lin;WAGN Qi-chun;KONG Hai-min;XIE Huai-sheng;ZHENG Ji-zi;LIN Zhong-yang(Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310026,China;Hangzhou Geological Environment Monitoring Center,Hangzhou Land Reserve Trading Center,Hangzhou 310026,China;Zhejiang Geological Prospecting Institute of China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau,Hangzhou 310002,China;Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizers Management Station of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310020,China;Zhejiang Institute of Geosciences,Hangzhou 310007,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市规划和自然资源局,浙江杭州310026 [2]杭州市土地储备交易中心杭州市地质环境监测中心,浙江杭州310026 [3]中化地质矿山总局浙江地质勘查院,浙江杭州310002 [4]浙江省耕地质量与肥料管理总站,浙江杭州310020 [5]浙江省地质院,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《环境生态学》2024年第9期8-16,共9页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：浙江省土地质量地质调查行动计划——杭州市土地质量地质调查集成项目(DDZX2022-CS-003)资金项目;浙江省三农九方科技协作项目(2023SNJF040)——新型秸秆炭基肥固碳增效研究与示范资助。

摘　　要：对杭州市1∶25万多目标区域地球化学调查采集的4162件表层(0~20 cm)土壤样品与1038件深层(20~150 cm)土壤样品,以及杭州市县级耕地范围内1∶5万土地质量地质调查采集的25561件表层(0~20 cm)土壤样品,所获得的约80万条地球化学参数,采用SPSS软件进行数据统计分析,开展杭州市耕地土壤地球化学元素富集与风化淋溶特征研究,探讨各项耕地土壤地球化学元素组合特征所反映的地质意义。结果表明,杭州市土壤溴(Br)、汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、硒(Se)、硫(S)、氮(N)等元素富集系数(P_(i)值)为2~3,处于中富集水平,而总碳(TC)、有机碳(Org.C)等元素为强富集水平。杭州市土壤风化淋溶系数(ba值)均值为0.37,极大值为1.39,极小值为0.15,变异系数为0.39,属弱-中等变异程度,揭示土壤中各元素在区域分布上相对较为均匀,土壤风化淋溶系数(ba值)高值区主要分布于萧山-临平一带平原区,低值区主要分布于富阳-桐庐-建德-淳安一带的低山丘陵区,总体与区内的母岩母质类型、地形地貌及人类耕种条件相关,反映为平原区第四系松散沉积物区和碳酸岩地层区土壤风化淋溶系数(ba值)较高,风化淋溶程度较弱,而低山丘陵区碎屑岩地层区风化淋溶系数(ba值)较低,风化淋溶程度较强,旱地耕作区低于水田耕作区的特点。A total of 4162 surface(0~20 cm)soil samples and 1038 deep(20~150 cm)soil samples were collected from a geochemical survey of over 1∶250000 target areas in Hangzhou City,as well as 25561 surface(0~20 cm)soil samples collected from a 1∶50000 land quality geological survey within the county-level cultivated land area of Hangzhou City.Approximately 800000 geochemical parameters were obtained and analyzed using SPSS software to study the enrichment and weathering leaching characteristics of geochemical elements in cultivated land soil in Hangzhou City,and to explore the geological significance reflected by the combination characteristics of various geochemical elements in cultivated land soil.The results showed that the enrichment coefficients(P_(i))of elements such as bromine(Br),mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),selenium(Se),sulfur(S),and nitrogen(N)in the soil of Hangzhou City were 2~3,at a moderate enrichment level,while elements such as total carbon(TC)and organic carbon(Org.C)were strongly enriched.The average coefficient of soil weathering and leaching(ba)in Hangzhou City is 0.37,the maximum value is 1.39,the minimum value is 0.15,and the coefficient of variation is 0.39,indicating a weak to moderate degree of variation.This indicates that the distribution of various elements in the soil is relatively uniform in the region.The high value areas of soil weathering and leaching(ba)are mainly distributed in the plain area of Xiaoshan-Linping,while the low value areas are mainly distributed in the low mountain and hilly areas of Fuyang-Tonglu-Jiande-Chun'an.Overall,it is related to the type of parent rock,terrain,and human cultivation conditions in the area,reflecting that the soil weathering and leaching system(ba)is relatively high in the loose sediment area of the Quaternary System and the carbonate strata area of the plain area.The degree of weathering and leaching is relatively weak,while the weathering and leaching system(ba)in the clastic rock strata of low mountain and hilly areas is relatively low,with a strong

关 键 词：耕地土壤 地球化学元素 富集 风化淋溶特征 杭州 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] P595[农业科学—农业基础科学]