豫东平原浅层地下水水化学特征及成因机制  

Hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of shallow groundwater in Eastern Henan Plain

作　　者：刘海风 王梦珠 王现国 苏春利 蒋格 李芷琴 任飞飞 LIU Haifeng;WANG Mengzhu;WANG Xianguo;SU Chunli;JIANG Ge;LI Zhiqin;REN Feifei(Henan Fifth Geological Exploration Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省第五地质勘查院有限公司,河南郑州450001 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430078

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2024年第5期170-179,共10页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：河南省自然资源科研项目(豫自然资函[2023]610号-5);国家自然科学基金项目(42177078)。

摘　　要：地下水是豫东平原工农业生产及居民生活用水的主要水源,对于当地生态和经济发展具有重要的支撑作用。利用2023年6—7月采集的74组浅层地下水样本,通过水化学、δD和δ^(18)O同位素以及主成分分析,对研究区浅层地下水的水化学特征、影响因素和成因机制进行了分析。结果显示:区内浅层地下水呈弱碱性,地下水水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)^(-)Na·Ca型,TDS含量由黄河和黄河故道向下游呈递减的趋势,影响地下水水质的成分包括氟、砷、碘和硝酸盐;地下水水化学组分受岩石风化作用控制及蒸发作用的影响,地下水中可溶性盐分主要来源于硅酸盐矿物风化水解,其次是蒸发盐岩的水解、阳离子交替吸附作用,部分地区还受到人为活动的影响;含钙矿物的溶解与沉淀、氧化还原、吸附与解吸作用控制着地下水中氟、砷和碘的释放。本研究可为当地的饮用水安全及区域地下水管理提供科学依据。Groundwater is the main water source for industrial and agricultural production as well as residential drinking water in Eastern Henan Plain,which plays an important role in maintaining the development of local ecology and economy.In this paper,74 groups of shallow groundwater samples collected from June to July 2023 were used to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics,influencing factors,formation mechanisms of shallow groundwater of the study area through hydrochemistry,δD,δ^(18)O isotopes and principal component analysis.The results show that the groundwater in Eastern Henan Plain is weakly alkaline,and the main hydrochemical type is HCO_(3)^(-)Na·Ca.Along the groundwater runoff,from the Yellow River and its ancient river bed towards downstream areas,the TDS content of groundwater gradually decrease,and the main components affecting groundwater quality include fluorine,arsenic,iodine and nitrate.Rock weathering and evaporation are the main factors dominating the hydrochemical composition of groundwater.The weathering hydrolysis of silicate minerals is the main source of soluble salt in groundwater,followed by the hydrolysis of evaporite and cation exchange and adsorption.In addition,some areas are affected by human activities.The dissolution and precipitation of calcium-containing minerals,oxidation/reduction and adsorption/desorption control the release of fluorine,arsenic and iodine from groundwater.This study can provide scientific basis for local drinking water safety and regional groundwater management.

关 键 词：地下水 水化学特征 水-岩相互作用 主成分分析 成因机制 豫东平原 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P641.12[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]