叉车发动机舱散热特性及空间布局优化仿真研究  

Simulation research on heat dissipation characteristics and space layout optimization of forklift engine compartment

作　　者：郭微[1] 童有为 唐景春 GUO Wei;TONG You-wei;TANG Jing-chun(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Anhui Water Conservancy Technical College,Anhui Hefei 231603,China;School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Anhui Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽水利水电职业技术学院机械与汽车工程学院,安徽合肥231603 [2]合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期1-7,30,共8页Journal of Qiqihar University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2021A1457)。

摘　　要：叉车速度较低且发动机舱内部复杂,在叉车研发设计阶段,如何提高发动机舱散热能力,优化散热器性能已成为工程师关注的焦点。以某型号叉车发动机舱的散热特性为研究对象,建立了叉车发动机舱的实体模型,利用计算流体动力学方法,分析了发动机舱内温度场和流场。研究了风扇竖直方向位置、风扇相对聚风罩轴向嵌入度、风扇与散热器距离这3个关键因素对发动机舱散热性能的影响规律。利用多指标分析综合平衡法进行正交试验分析,获得了散热机舱内空间布局的最优方案,即上移风扇10 mm、风扇轴向嵌入度60%、风扇与散热器距离增加20 mm。该优化方案可以使水散热器散热量提高11.76%,液压油散热器散热量提高7.16%。Forklifts operate at low speeds and have complex engine compartments.In the development and design stage of forklifts,how to improve the engine compartment's heat dissipation capacity and optimize radiator performance has abstracted the attention of engineers.This article has taken the heat dissipation characteristics of the engine compartment of a certain model of forklift as the research object,established a solid model of the forklift engine compartment,and analyzed the temperature field and flow field inside the engine compartment using computational fluid dynamics methods.The influence of three key factors,namely the vertical position of the fan,the axial embedding degree of the fan relative to the fan hood,and the distance between the fan and the radiator,on the heat dissipation performance of the engine compartment was studied.By using multiple indicators analysis and comprehensive balance method for orthogonal experimental analysis,the optimal spatial layout of the cooling cabin was obtained,which includes moving the fan up by 10 mm,axial embedding degree of the fan by 60%,and increasing the distance between the fan and the radiator by 20 mm.This optimization plan can increase the heat dissipation of the water radiator by 11.76%and the heat dissipation of the hydraulic oil radiator by 7.16%.

关 键 词：发动机舱 计算流体动力学 风扇竖直方向位置 轴向嵌入度 风扇与散热器距离 

分 类 号：TB657.5[一般工业技术—制冷工程]