黑格尔《美学》中的民族艺术内涵探析  

Analysis on the Connotation of National Art in Hegel's Aesthetics

作　　者：杨塔娜 YANG Tana(China National Academy of Arts,Beijing,100012)

机构地区：[1]中国艺术研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《内蒙古艺术学院学报》2024年第2期86-91,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Arts University

基　　金：2023年度国家社科基金艺术学青年项目“当代中国艺术史理论体系建构研究”(项目编号:23CA172);2023年河北省社会科学发展研究课题“铸牢中华民族共同体意识视域下青龙满族皮影戏的传承发展路径研究”(项目编号:20230304049)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在黑格尔的著作《美学》中,他将理论逻辑的严密性与辩证法精神融入对艺术民族特性的研究,展现了西方民族艺术思想新的发展动向。然而在其历史哲学和国家哲学的视域下,黑格尔《美学》中的民族艺术则强调一种历史性(尽管这种历史性使得民族艺术极富西方审美中心主义色彩)、现代民族国家本质以及理性、“自由精神”的内涵特征。黑格尔认为从民族艺术的“开端”到“终点”,无不反映国家本质的实现过程。因此,黑格尔所论述的民族艺术,是将艺术与民族国家紧密相连的概念。黑格尔的民族艺术思想曾在日本美术领域产生过深远的影响。然而,在近代中国,尽管黑格尔的思想引发了不同程度的解读,但清末的学者们似乎并未受其主导。他们所阐释的民族艺术所蕴含的文化民族主义意味,并非一般意义上的民族主义,而是具有“在地性”特质的中国的民族艺术建构。可见,黑格尔关于民族艺术的观点,对警惕西方中心主义话语具有启示意义,并成为后殖民主义批评的素材和例证。同时,它也是观察西方与中国的民族艺术差异之重要理论标志。In Hegel's book Aesthetics,he integrated the rigor of theoretical logic and the spirit of dialectics into the study of the national characteristics of art,showing the new development trend of the western national art thought.However,in the perspective of its historical philosophy and national philosophy,the national art in Hegel's Aesthetics emphasizes a kind of history(although this history makes the national art very rich in the color of western aesthetic center),the essence of modern nation state and the connotation characteristics of rationality and"free spirit".Hegel believes that from the"beginning"to the"end"of national art,all reflects the realization process of the essence of the country.Therefore,the national art discussed by Hegel is a concept that closely connects art with the nation-state.Hegel's national art thought has had a profound influence in the field of Japanese art.However,in modern China,although Hegel's ideas were introduced and interpreted to some extent,the scholars in the late Qing Dynasty did not seem to be dominated by them.The cultural nationalism contained in the national artistic thought they explained is not the nationalism in the general sense,but the construction of Chinese national art with the characteristics of"local nature".To this end,Hegel's view on national art has enlightenment significance to alert the western central discourse,and is the material and example of postcolonial criticism.At the same time,it is also an important theoretical symbol to observe the differences between western and Chinese national art.

关 键 词：国家 民族艺术 历史哲学 

分 类 号：J0[艺术—艺术理论]