找回中国劳动法理论:劳动法“去公法化”的知识反思  

Retrieving Chinese Theory of Law of Labor:Intellectual Reflection on the Disengagement of Law of LaborfromPublicLaw

作　　者：邵六益 Shao Liuyi(Minzu University of China Law School)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学法学院

出　　处：《开放时代》2024年第5期126-143,共18页Open Times

摘　　要：劳动是社会主义的重要命题,劳动者是社会主义的主人翁,劳动法是中国政法体制区别于西方的重要特色。改革开放后法学界从法律全球化的角度出发,提出了“劳动法作为特殊私法”的学术命题,并体现于法治实践中。按私法逻辑理解的劳动法,无法解释劳资双方的实质不平等带来的问题,工人群体在抗争中频繁提出经济利益之外的诉求,意味着私法逻辑理论和实践上的双重失败。这要求我们尊重劳动者的主人翁身份,重新理解中国劳动法“特殊公法”的法律性质及其意义:既是理解社会主义法律理论的切入点,有助于认识社会主义初级阶段对法律的规定性,构建中国特色法学话语体系,又有助于广大发展中国家协调效率与正义的双重追求,在劳资关系的平衡中实现经济发展,更好地阐释以发展权为核心的第二代人权理论,从而超越中国的地方性知识,具有普遍的世界意义。Labor is an important topic of socialism,and laborers are the masters of socialism.The Law of Labor is an important feature that distinguishes China's political and legal system from that of the West.After reform and opening up,legal scholars,from the perspective of legal globalization,have put forward the proposition of“labor law as a special private law”and put it into legal practice.Labor law,as understood in the logic of private law,cannot explain the problems caused by the substantive inequality between labor and management,and the frequent,non-economic demands of the workers engaged in struggles mean that the logic of private law has failed both theoretically and practically.This requires us to respect the master status of laborers and re-understand the legal nature and significance of the China's labor law as a“special public law”.It is not only the entry point for understanding socialist legal theory,but is also helpful to our understanding of the prescription of law in the initial stage of socialism,the construction of a system of legal discourse with Chinese characteristics,the pursuit of well-coordinated efficiency and justice by the majority of developing countries,and the achievement of economic development in the balance of labor-management relations.It also better explains the second-generation human rights theory,with the right to development as the core,and transcends China's local knowledge to attain universal world significance.

关 键 词：劳动法 去公法化 政法体制 地方性知识 世界意义 

分 类 号：D922.5[政治法律—民商法学]