基于激光点云的中厚板表面平整度测量  

Surface flatness measurement of medium-thick plate based on Laser point cloud

作　　者：时浩 邓高旭 李正楠 王荣军 马立东 SHI Hao;DENG Gaoxu;LI Zhengnan;WANG Rongjun;MA Lidong(College of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and System for Heavy Duty Equipment Operation,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]太原科技大学重载装备作业智能化技术与系统山西省重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2024年第16期2464-2473,共10页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然基金面上项目(No.52274389);山西省留学人员科技活动择优资助项目(No.20220028);山西省基础研究计划联合资助项目(No.TZLH20230818011)。

摘　　要：在冶金行业中,中厚板是主要产品之一,其平整度是评估钢板质量的重要指标。压力矫平现场还依赖于人工测量,无法准确地表征板材平整度。为了提高检测的准确度及高效性,提出了一种基于机器视觉的平整度测量方法。基于高精度的三维视觉扫描技术,结合高斯拟合算法,利用高斯系数构建特征值,建立高斯特征值与实际板材弯曲高度的映射关系,构建基准平面,计算点云坐标值与基准平面的距离,结合RGB颜色模型绘制板形云图,在此基础上给出压力矫平添加垫板的位置。实验表明,所提出的方法计算误差不大于0.3 mm,可以实现对中心凸起或边缘翘曲钢板的测量,同时板形云图反映了板形分布状况及垫板位置。该度量方法可以准确测量中厚板的弯曲量,可以为压力矫平提供数据支持。In the metallurgical industry,medium and thick plate is one of the main products,and its flatness is an important index to evaluate the quality of steel plate.The pressure leveling field also relies on manual measurement,which cannot accurately characterize the flatness of the plate.In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of detection,a flatness measurement method based on machine vision was proposed.Based on the high-precision three-dimensional visual scanning technology,combined with the Gaussian fitting algorithm,the Gaussian coefficient was used to construct the eigenvalue,and the mapping relationship between the Gaussian eigenvalue and the actual bending height of the plate was established.The reference plane was constructed,and the distance between the point cloud coordinate value and the reference plane was calculated.The RGB color model was used to draw the shape cloud diagram.On this basis,the position of the pressure leveling pad was given.Experimental results indicate that the calculation error of the proposed method is not greater than 0.3 mm,which can realize the measurement of the central bulge or the edge warping steel plate.At the same time,the shape cloud diagram reflects the shape distribution and the position of the plate.This measurement method can accurately measure the bending of medium-thick plates and provide data support for pressure leveling.

关 键 词：激光点云 板形检测 平整度 高斯拟合 映射 

分 类 号：TP741[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TG83[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]