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作 者:何柳 李学山 高佳 杨富淋 刘伟 HE Liu;LI Xueshan;GAO Jia;YANG Fulin;LIU Wei(China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Kenuo Surverying Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,Guangdong,China)
机构地区:[1]中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司,广东广州510663 [2]广东科诺勘测工程有限公司,广东广州510663
出 处:《南方能源建设》2024年第5期75-85,共11页Southern Energy Construction
基 金:中电工程重大科技专项“南方地区典型金属矿区及周边生态治理关键技术研究”(DG3-P01-2022);中电工程重大科技专项“中电工程‘30·60’碳达峰、碳中和系统解决方案研究”(CEEC2021-KJZX-01);中电工程重大科技专项“碳中和目标下碳交易市场体系研究”(CEEC2022-KJZX-02);广东科诺勘测工程有限公司科技项目“矿区生态治理中碳减排及碳汇能力研究”。
摘 要:[目的]2030年前碳达峰、2060年前碳中和已被确定为中国经济社会高质量发展的重要战略目标。当前,碳汇是实现碳中和的重要措施之一,有效的碳汇激励政策是实现“碳中和”的保障。[方法]通过梳理国内外生态系统碳汇发展,揭示我国碳汇发展存在的主要问题,对我国碳汇项目建立全面认识。研究碳汇项目参与碳市场交易的机制,明晰获益渠道。并进一步通过试点经验对比分析研究,通过具体问题具体分析的方式,得出相关结论。[结果]结果表明,我国碳汇项目开发以林业碳汇为主,其他碳汇项目开发较少,项目周期以中短期为主,项目开发增速有所放缓。当前我国碳汇发展面临的3个主要问题:(1)开发碳汇的方法学种类少限制多;(2)开发过程长机制不完善;(3)开发后碳市场激励效果不显著。[结论]研究表明我国未来生态系统碳汇工作仍面临巨大挑战。为推动碳汇高质量发展,仍需加快调整与升级碳汇支持政策、加大碳汇科技投入和积极发展“碳汇+”产业。[Introduction]Realizing peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060 have been identified as important strategic goals for fostering high-quality economic and social development in China.Carbon sink is one of the crucial approaches to achieving carbon neutrality.Effective carbon sink incentive policies are the guarantee for achieving"carbon neutrality".[Method]By sorting out the development of ecosystem carbon sinks both domestically and internationally,the main problems in the development of carbon sinks in China were revealed,and a comprehensive understanding of China's carbon sink projects was established.By studying the mechanism for carbon sink projects to participate in carbon market transactions,channels for reaping benefits were clarified.Furthermore,through comparative analysis and research on pilot experiences,relevant conclusions were drawn by analyzing specific issues.[Result]As shown by the results,the development of carbon sink projects in China is mainly focused on forestry carbon sink,involving fewer other carbon sink projects.With middle-and-short term as the main project cycle,the growth rate of project development has slowed down.There are mainly three problems faced by China's carbon sink development:(1)the limited variety of methodologies and more limitations for developing carbon sink;(2)the long development process and imperfect mechanism;(3)the insignificant incentive effect of the carbon market after development.[Conclusion]The research indicates that China's future work on ecosystem carbon sink still faces huge challenges.To promote the high-quality development of carbon sinks,it remains necessary to expedite the adjustment and upgrading of carbon sink support policies,increase investment in carbon sink technology,and actively develop the“carbon sink+”industry.
分 类 号:TK01[动力工程及工程热物理] X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]
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