半干旱区典型沙地生态环境演变特征及沙漠化防治建议  

Characteristics of ecological environment changes and advices for combating desertification in typical semi-arid sandy land

作　　者：卢建男 李玉强 赵学勇 李宝成 王旭洋 张蕊 Jiannan Lu;Yuqiang Li;Xueyong Zhao;Baocheng Li;Xuyang Wang;Rui Zhang(Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands/Naiman Desertification Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Daliushu State-owned Sand Control Forest Farm in Naiman Banner,Naiman Banner 028300,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室/奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]奈曼旗大柳树国有治沙林场,内蒙古奈曼旗028300

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2024年第4期284-292,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(GZC20232948);国家自然科学基金项目(31971466,32001214);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化项目(2021CG0012)。

摘　　要：沙地作为陆地生态系统重要组成,具有独特的结构和功能。中国北方半干旱、半湿润区的农牧交错带沙地生态环境经历了快速的人类活动正负向干扰过程,集中体现在“破坏利用”和“保护恢复利用”两个阶段。粗放式发展模式引发了一系列诸如土地沙漠化、水资源过度利用及生态失衡等问题。选取科尔沁沙地、毛乌素沙地、浑善达克沙地及呼伦贝尔沙地(四大沙地)作为研究对象,梳理了半干旱区典型沙地自然要素的地域分异特征、沙漠化土地时空演变过程及其驱动力、植被-土壤特征协同演变等方面的文献和研究成果;根据气候变化和人类活动影响下脆弱生态系统土地沙漠化态势及其治理现状认为,未来亟须在政策主导下的沙区人地关系协调发展和基于区域水量平衡的生态恢复及植被稳定性等方面加强研究,科学推进科尔沁、浑善达克两大沙地歼灭战等重点生态工程建设,促进半干旱沙区生态-经济-社会的可持续发展。Sandy lands,as vital components of terrestrial ecosystems,possess unique structures and functions.In the agro-pastoral transitional zone of northern China's semi-arid and semi-humid regions,sandy lands have undergone rapid human-induced changes,both positive and negative.These changes are primarily reflected in phases of"destructive utilization"and"protective restoration utilization".Extensive development models have caused issues such as land desertification,over-exploitation of water resources,and ecological imbalance.This study focuses on the Horqin Sandy Land,Mu Us Sandy Land,Hunshandake Sandy Land,and Hulunbuir Sandy Land.It reviews literature and research findings on the regional differentiation characteristics of natural elements in typical semi-arid sandy lands,the spatiotemporal evolution of desertified land and its driving forces,and the co-evolution of vegetation-soil characteristics.Given the current state of land desertification and its management amidst climate change and human activities,future research should prioritize the coordination of human-land relationships in sandy lands under policy guidance,enhance ecological restoration and vegetation stability based on regional water balance,and scientifically advance key ecological engineering projects,such as those in the Horqin Sandy Land and Hunshandake Sandy Land,thereby promoting sustainable development across ecological,economic,and social systems in semi-arid sandy lands.

关 键 词：半干旱区 沙地 自然要素 沙漠化 生态治理 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]