知识网络视角下中国人类学海外民族志的演进  

The Evolution of Chinese Anthropology's Overseas Ethnography from A Knowledge Network Perspective

作　　者：谭萌 Tan Meng(Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《民族学刊》2024年第3期93-103,139,共12页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“全面推进文化遗产整体保护研究”(22AZD071)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国人类学海外民族志在结构与建构、个体与群体、学术与学科的交互中形成了多维度的知识网络。海外民族志知识网络的生成嵌入具体的时空语境,与中国在世界角色地位的演变相伴,具有自觉的学术理念、规范的方法论本位和开放的研究视野,汇聚多领域、多地区知识生产的主客体和内容要素,呈现出较强的社群性、递进性和自反性特征。研究者的能动性实践及群际间互动推动海外民族志的迭代更新,增强海外民族志知识网络的韧性,既映射全球知识生产和消费机制的变迁,也契合中国人类学与国内相邻学科以及国际人类学的互促发展。面对知识社会发展的新趋势以及中国学科调整的新机遇,海外民族志研究者应进一步丰富个案研究的层次和内涵,强化学术实践与知识呈现的网络构建,注重提炼和运用关键概念,依托海外社会经验研究的知识升维,拓展交流对话的广度和深度,发挥人类学公共知识产品在提升国民素养、服务多元主体和促进文明互鉴等方面的作用。The production of knowledge within the field of anthropology while using ethnography as a normative method has proven to be valuable to the modern global knowledge system.Within Chinese social sciences,the academic practice of overseas ethnography has advanced Chinese anthropological research by encouraging scholars to engage in social empirical studies abroad and compose research reports.Over the past two decades,the evolution of overseas ethnography has not only broadened the research scope and methodological perspectives of Chinese anthropology but also laid the groundwork for enriching the global cognitive landscape with Chinese scholars assuming a prominent role as both subjects of study and contributors to the mode of knowledge dissemination.Consequently,this has created a multi-dimensional and dynamically constructed epistemological network.At present,Chinese overseas ethnographers have undertaken extensive research in nearly 40 countries spanning five continents.Their investigations have encompassed a wide array of environments,from rural village temples and urban streets to corporate settings,forests,islands,and digital platforms.These studies have been particularly focused on“developing countries,”regions associated with the“Belt and Road”initiative,Southeast Asia,Africa,and Latin America.In addition to studying major ethnic groups,overseas Chinese,and indigenous populations,considerable attention has been given to mobile groups,commodities,capital flows,and technological exchanges within the context of globalization.Besides,the research themes have covered politics,economics,education,ecology,religion,art,heritage,and infrastructure.Through detailed micro-level case studies,these ethnographic approaches have been attempting to capture the comprehensive cultural and societal fabric of local communities.What is more,research approaches generally appear to have evolved from community-based studies and multi-sited ethnography to a more comprehensive ethnography of world society,from physically-grou

关 键 词：海外民族志 中国人类学 海外社会经验研究 知识网络 区域国别学 

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