后人类主体前史——行动诗学中的主体虚化进路  

The Pre-History of Post-Human Subject:The Approach of Virtualization of the Subject in Action Poetics

作　　者：刘阳[1] LIU Yang(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系,上海200241

出　　处：《广州大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期63-74,共12页Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19FZWB021)。

摘　　要：作为后人类理论的三个主要分支,生态批评、动物研究与思辨唯物主义都没有完全离开人的因素,并提出了后人类主体经由何种共同进路而形成的问题。主体总是在现实中从事着行动的力量,因而就文学领域而言,后人类主体以行动诗学为前史。传统至今的行动理论,普遍将主体视为从正面规定了行动方向和展开行动过程的实体,在不得不还原其各种变量因素时,这些理论不同程度地陷入了实则只是在加强预设的同一性与总体性困境。从根本上转换思考角度,让前后行动的界限由实体化状态变成虚化状态,消解界限意识的关联性立场,将行动重构为实体性的主体在差异性重复中溢出虚体的事件,这样才能贯通起当代理论围绕重复与差异展开的各种研究路径,并通向后人类主体。As the three main branches of post-human theory,ecological criticism,animal research and speculative realism do not completely leave the human factor,and put forward the question of what common way the post-human subject is formed.The subject is always engaged in the power of action in reality,so in the field of literature,the post-human subject takes action poetics as the previous history.The traditional and contemporary action theories generally regard the subject as an entity that defines the direction of action and the process of action from the front.When they have to restore the various variable factors,these theories have fallen into the dilemma of strengthening the presupposition of identity and totality to varying degrees.It is necessary to fundamentally change the thinking point of view,change the boundary between the previous and subsequent actions from the materialized state to the virtual state,dispel the relevant position of the boundary consciousness,and reconstruct the action into the event that the substantive subject overflows the virtual body in the repetition of difference.Only in this way can we run through the various research paths of contemporary theories around iterability and difference,and lead to the post-human subject.

关 键 词：后人类 主体 行动 虚化 重复 

分 类 号：G0[文化科学] I0[文学—文学理论]