基于安全控制结构模型的高校实验室安全风险动态评估  

Safety risk dynamic assessment in university laboratories based on safety control structure model

作　　者：王红力 杨鑫刚[2] WANG Hongli;YANG Xingang(School of Safety Engineering,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing 100048,China;School of Labor Education,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国劳动关系学院安全工程学院,北京100048 [2]中国劳动关系学院劳动教育学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2024年第8期61-68,共8页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(22ZYJS015);北京市社会科学基金决策咨询项目资助(22JCC123)。

摘　　要：为有效评估高校实验室安全风险状态和优化动态安全管理对策,提出一种基于多层安全控制结构模型的高校实验室安全动态评估方法。首先,建立一种多层安全控制结构模型,以确定高校实验室火灾爆炸事故的致因因素和控制缺陷;在此基础上,提出一种基于系统理论的事故模型和贝叶斯网络(BN)相结合的安全动态反馈评价方法,推断计算出高校实验室安全风险状态的概率、分析影响事故的风险因素,识别出高校实验室安全中的关键风险因素。研究表明:基于安全控制结构模型的风险动态评估方法涵盖了传统方法识别的所有风险,同时还能够发现潜在风险;对危险化学品的操作不正确,试验过程违反操作规程以及电气线路出现老化、短路或缺陷等因素是影响高校实验室安全风险的关键风险因素。To effectively evaluate the safety risk status and optimize safety management strategies in university laboratories,a dynamic safety assessment method was proposed based on a multi-layered safety control structure model.Firstly,a multi-layer safety control structure model was developed to identify the causal factors and control deficiencies of fire and explosion accidents in the university laboratory.Then,a safety dynamic feedback evaluation method was developed integrating an accident model based on system theory and Bayesian networks.Finally,the proposed evaluation model was used to determine the risk probability,analyze risk factors affecting safety incidents,and identify key risk factors in university laboratory safety.The results indicated that the proposed evaluation method based on the safety control structure model covered all risks identified by traditional methods and identified potential risks.Furthermore,the incorrect operation of hazardous chemicals,violation of operation procedures during the experiment,and the aging,short circuits,or defects in electrical lines were key risk factors affecting laboratory safety risks of universities.

关 键 词：安全控制结构模型 高校实验室 安全风险 不安全控制行为(UCA) 动态评估 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]