基于改进虚拟惯性控制的直流充电桩控制方法  

DC charging pile control method based on improved virtual inertia control

作　　者：杨成顺[1] 王鹏 许德智[2] 黄宵宁[1] YANG Chengshun;WANG Peng;XU Dezhi;HUANG Xiaoning(School of Electric Power Engineering,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing 211167,China;College of Internet of Things Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院电力工程学院,江苏南京211167 [2]江南大学物联网工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《电力工程技术》2024年第5期150-159,共10页Electric Power Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62222307,61973140)。

摘　　要：直流充电桩充电速度快、效率高的优点使得电动汽车负载可以频繁投切,但其作为直流系统具有惯性小、阻尼弱的特点。为降低电动汽车负载投切对直流侧电压扰动的影响,文中提出一种基于改进虚拟惯性(virtual inertia,VI)控制的直流充电桩控制方法。首先,类比虚拟同步机(virtual synchronous machine,VSM)技术推出VI控制,赋予直流系统一定的惯性与阻尼支撑。其次,采用指令滤波反推积分滑模(command filter backstepping integral sliding mode,CFBISM)控制对VI控制进行改进,即采用积分滑模(integral sliding mode,ISM)控制优化VI控制,增强系统的鲁棒性,并采用指令滤波反推控制对其中关键参数进行重构,避免控制器出现计算膨胀现象,同时对电流内环采用改进ISM控制从而进一步提升控制效果。然后,通过Lyapunov稳定性判据证明所提控制方法的稳定性。最后,通过仿真对比验证了文中所提控制方法可将直流侧电压波动限制在2 V以内,动态响应速度提高约0.1 s,关键参数在稳态时的扰动限制在1 V左右,从而验证了其响应速度快、鲁棒性好的特性。The advantages of fast charging speed and high efficiency of DC charging piles make the connection and cutting of electric vehicle(EV)loads relatively frequent.However,as a DC system,DC charging pile has the characteristics of low inertia and weak damping.In order to reduce the impact of EV load connection and cutting on the DC side voltage disturbance,a DC charging pile control method based on improved virtual inertia(VI)control is proposed.This paper firstly introduces VI control by analogy with virtual synchronous machines(VSM)technology.Secondly,the VI control is improved by using command filter backstepping integral sliding mode(CFBISM)control,in which the integral sliding mode(ISM)control is used to optimize the VI control to enhance the robustness of the system,and the command filter backstepping control is used to reconfigure the key parameters to avoid the computational inflation of the controller,while the ISM control is used to improve the current inner loop to further enhance the control effect.The stability of the proposed control strategy is then demonstrated by the Lyapunov stability criterion.Finally,through comparative simulation,it is verified that the DC-side voltage fluctuation can be limited within 2 V,the dynamic response speed is improved by about 0.1 s,and the perturbation of the key parameters in the steady state is limited to about 1 V,thus the superiority of the fast response speed and good robustness of the control proposed in this paper are verified by simulation.

关 键 词：虚拟惯性(VI)控制 直流充电桩 电动汽车 反推控制 指令滤波 积分滑模(ISM)控制 

分 类 号：TM461[电气工程—电器] U491.8[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]