紫苏的食药价值及栽培历史考证  

Textual Research on the Edibleness and Cultivation History of Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt.

作　　者：陆敏婷 刘鹏 沈奇 王宏斌 LU Min-Ting;LIU Peng;SHEN Qi;WANG Hong-Bin(Institute of Physiology and Ecology of Medicinal Plants,School of Chinese Materia Medica,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong,China;School of Basic Medical Sciences,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院药用植物生理生态研究所,广东广州510006 [2]广州中医药大学基础医学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广州中医药大学学报》2024年第10期2815-2822,共8页Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:U22A20446,31860391)。

摘　　要：紫苏是我国传统的药食同源植物,具有悠久的栽培历史和广泛的应用价值。尽管目前已有对紫苏的本草考证,但对其名称演化、食药价值及栽培历史等方面仍然缺乏系统梳理。该研究以历代本草、医籍、农政史料等为基础,考证发现:(1)紫苏常以荏、苏等名收录于典籍,荏指籽用类紫苏,苏指药用类紫苏;(2)古籍中紫苏叶、籽均可用于药膳,紫苏籽油用作食用油脂,其古法压榨工艺有详细记载。(3)紫苏性味辛温,主下气,紫苏叶、梗偏于散,紫苏子偏于收,其药用价值有明确记载。(4)紫苏原产于中国,应用记载可追溯到战国时代,其栽培特性有详细记载。该文系统梳理了荏、苏的区分,并对其在食药及栽培方面的古籍记载进行了综述,可为紫苏作为药食同源大健康产品的开发提供文献依据。Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt.is a traditional homology of medicine and food in China,which has a long cultivation history and wide application value.Although there have been textual researches on Perilla frutescens,there is still a lack of systematic review on its name evolution,medicinal value and cultivation history.Based on the historical materials of herbal medicine,medical books and agricultural administration in the past dynasties,this study finds that:(1)Perilla frutescens is often included in the classics in the name of“ren”and“su”,“ren”refers to the seeds of Perilla frutescens,and“su”,refers to the medicinal Perilla frutescens.(2)In ancient books,Perilla frutescens leaves and seeds can be used for medicinal food,and Perilla frutescens seed oil is used as edible oil,its ancient pressing process being recorded in detail.(3)Perilla frutescens is pungent and warm in nature,and it is mainly used for purgation.Perilla frutescens leaves and stems are dissipated,and Perilla frutescens seeds are contracted.Its medicinal value is clearly recorded.(4)Perilla frutescens is native to China,application records can be traced back to the Warring States period and its cultivation characteristics are detailed records.This paper systematically sorted out the distinction between“ren”and“su”,and reviewed the ancient records of Perilla frutescens in food,medicine and cultivation,so as to provide literature basis for the development of Perilla frutescens as a big health product of medicine and food homology.

关 键 词：紫苏 基原 食用价值 药用价值 紫苏油 栽培历史 本草考证 

分 类 号：R281[医药卫生—中药学] R282.2[医药卫生—中医学] R2-09