淡水生态系统细菌群落多样性和结构研究进展  

Research progress on diversity and structure of bacterial communities in freshwater ecosystems

作　　者：张利平[1] 吕慧 唐佳玲 王贵春 吕斌[1] ZHANG Li-ping;LYU Hui;TANG Jia-ling;WANG Gui-chun;LYU Bin(School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Wuhan Wuchang Hospital,Wuhan 430063,China;Department of Health Monitoring,Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201600,China;Institute of Agricultural Economics and Technology,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,武汉430030 [2]武汉市武昌医院检验科,武汉430063 [3]上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科,上海201600 [4]湖北省农业科学院农业经济技术研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第9期73-77,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21611130030)。

摘　　要：人类活动和气候环境对淡水生态系统的影响越来越显著。细菌通常占淡水生态系统中微生物总量的90%以上,淡水生态系统中细菌群落多样性和群落结构的改变显著影响其在生物地球化学过程和生态动力学中的作用。通过对比不同淡水生态系统(河流、湖泊等)、不同环境介质(水体、沉积物、河岸土壤等)中细菌群落多样性和结构,分析了影响细菌群落结构的物理化学因素,介绍了现有研究细菌群落的分子生物学方法。已有的研究表明,未来还需对多种淡水生态系统和其他环境介质中的细菌群落展开系统测量和研究,为环境监测和保护淡水生态系统提供基础信息。Human activities,climate and environment affected freshwater ecosystems significantly.More than 90%of microorganisms in freshwater were bacteria.Changes in the diversity and structure of bacterial communities in freshwater ecosystems affected the roles of bacteria in the biogeochemical process and eco-dynamics.In this review,the diversity and structure of bacterial communities in dif-ferent freshwater ecosystems(rivers,lakes,etc.)and different environmental media(water bodies,sediments,riparian soils,etc.)were compared.The physicochemical factors affecting bacterial community diversity and structure were analyzed.Molecular biological methods for studying bacterial communities were introduced.Present studies indicated that the diversity and structure of bacterial com-munities in freshwater ecosystems and other environmental media should be studied systematically to provide necessary information for environmental monitoring and freshwater ecosystem protection.

关 键 词：淡水生态系统 细菌群落 多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q938.11[生物学—微生物学] X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]