论自动驾驶汽车交通事故侵权责任主体的认定规则完善  

On the Improvement of Rules for Identifying the Subject of Tort Liability in the Traffic Accidents of Autonomous Vehicles

作　　者：周泽中 陈紫嫣 Zhou Zezhong;Chen Ziyan(School of Law,Hunan Normal University,Changsha City,Huhan Province,410081)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学法学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《黄河科技学院学报》2024年第9期72-79,共8页Journal of Huanghe S&T College

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17VHJ003)。

摘　　要：近年来,自动驾驶汽车推广应用给人们出行带来了诸多便利,但也由此引发了不少交通事故,其中存在大量法律问题亟待我们探究,首要的便是该由谁来承担责任。在现有法律框架下,机动车交通事故责任主体认定规则不能完全适用于自动驾驶汽车领域,产品责任主体认定规则内容模糊以及自动驾驶汽车运行的复杂性和自主决策性导致的交通事故查因困难等,均让其责任主体的认定陷入困境。为解决上述难题,考察域外相关立法,建议以“人为介入”作为侵权责任主体认定规则的适用依据,进一步具体细化产品责任主体认定规则,同时完善交通事故原因查明的配套措施,为促进自动驾驶行业稳固发展提供有力的法治保障。In recent years,the application of autonomous vehicle has been promoted,which has brought much convenience to people's travel.However,it has also caused some traffic accidents,among which there exist a lot of legal issues to be explored,and the first one is to identify who should bear the responsibility.Under the existing legal framework,the rules for identifying the subject of liability in motor vehicle traffic accidents cannot be fully applicable to the field of autonomous vehicle.The ambiguity in the content of the rules for identifying the subject of product liability,and the difficulty in investigating the causes of traffic accidents caused by the complexity in the operation of autonomous vehicle and the autonomous decision-making,all these factors make the identification of the subject of liability into a dilemma.To solve the above problems,after investigating relevant legislation in foreign countries,it is recommended to use“human intervention”as the applicable criteria for identifying the subject of tort liability,further specify the rules for identifying the subject of product liability,and improve the supporting measures for investigating the causes of traffic accidents,so as to provide the powerful legal guarantee for the stable development of the autonomous driving industry.

关 键 词：自动驾驶汽车 机动车交通事故责任 产品责任 侵权责任主体 

分 类 号：D932.8[政治法律—法学]