广西食盐加碘与居民碘营养调查  

Salt iodization and risk assessment of iodine nutritional status in Guangxi

作　　者：廖敏[1] 刘军[1] 罗兰英[1] 宁锐军[1] 陆皓泉[1] 王芬芬 LIAO Min;LIU Jun;LUO Lan-ying;NING Rui-jun;LU Hao-quan;WANG Fen-fen(Institute of Environmental Health and Endemic Disease Control,Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning,Guangxi 530028,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生与地方病防制所,南宁530028

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2024年第7期604-608,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委自筹经费科研课题(Z20190550)。

摘　　要：目的 评估实施食盐加碘后广西不同人群碘营养状况及其风险。方法 于2020年,采用分层抽样方法,在广西抽取9个市18个县(市、区),共抽取8~10岁儿童3 700名,当地生活半年以上的成人和孕妇709、788名,开展问卷调查和甲状腺超声检查,同时,测定盐碘、尿碘和血清甲状腺激素浓度。结果 盐碘中位数为24.1 mg/kg,其中,学龄儿童、成人和孕妇的盐碘中位数分别为23.8、25.0、24.9 mg/kg;内陆和沿海地区调查对象的盐碘中位数分别为24.3、23.0 mg/kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。学龄儿童的尿碘浓度中位数为181.2μg/L,范围为ND~2 186.0μg/L,该人群碘营养状况处于适宜水平。其中,男童的尿碘浓度高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);内陆地区儿童的尿碘浓度高于沿海地区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。成人的尿碘浓度中位数为130.0μg/L,范围为4.0~711.9μg/L,该人群碘营养状况处于适宜水平。其中,男性、女性成人的尿碘浓度间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);内陆地区成人的尿碘浓度低于沿海地区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕妇的尿碘浓度中位数为143.7μg/L,范围为10.4~866.0μg/L,该人群碘营养状况略显不足。其中,不同孕期孕妇的尿碘浓度间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。内陆地区孕妇的尿碘浓度低于沿海地区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。成人血清的TSH浓度中位数为1.620 mIU/L(范围为0.005~47.770 mIU/L),FT_(3)、FT_(4)浓度分别为(4.29±1.08) pmol/L和(16.03±2.98) pmol/L。与沿海地区比较,内陆地区成人血清TSH、FT_(3)、FT_(4)浓度均较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与男性比较,女性成人血清TSH浓度较高,而FT_(3)、FT_(4)浓度均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各常见甲状腺疾病检出情况如下:低TF_4血症2.3%、亚甲减3.3%、甲减0.9%、亚甲亢3.1%、甲亢1.5%。沿海地区亚甲亢检出率高于内陆地区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。学龄儿童�Objective To assessment the iodine nutritional status and risk of different populations in Guangxi after salt iodization.Methods A total of 3700 children aged 8-10 years,709 adults and 788 pregnant women from 18 counties in 9 cities of Guangxi were selected by stratified sampling method in 2020.Who were questionnaire,examined on thyroid ultrasonography.And salt iodine,urinary iodine and blood thyroid hormone levels were assayed respectively.Results The median of salt iodine was 24.1 mg/kg,and the median of salt iodine for school-aged children,adults and pregnant women were 23.8,25.0,24.9 mg/kg respectively.The median of salt iodine in inland and coastal areas were 24.3 and 23.0 mg/kg respectively,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The median of urinary iodine in school-aged children was 181.2μg/L,the check-out range were ND-2186.0μg/L.The urinary iodine concentration of boys was higher than that of girls,whose difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).And the urinary iodine of children in inland areas was higher than that in coastal areas,whose difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The median of urinary iodine in adults was 130.0μg/L,the check-out range was 4.0-711.9µg/L.The iodine nutritional status of them was at an appropriate level.There was no significant difference in urinary iodine concentration between male and female adults(P>0.05).But the urinary iodine of adults in inland areas was lower than that in coastal areas,whose difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The median of urinary iodine in pregnant women was 143.7μg/L,the check-out range was 10.4-866.0μg/L.The iodine nutritional status of them was slightly insufficient.There was no significant difference in urinary iodine concentration among different stages of pregnancy(P>0.05).But the urinary iodine of pregnant women in inland areas was lower than that in coastal areas,whose difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The median concentration of TSH in adult was 1.620 mIU/L(the check-out range

关 键 词：食盐 碘 甲状腺 碘营养 风险评估 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]