人诱导多能干细胞成骨分化的研究进展  

Advances in the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into osteoblasts

作　　者：廖凌子 宋雅朦 刘美萱 李思怡 周平[1,2] LIAO Lingzi;SONG Yameng;LIU Meixuan;LI Siyi;ZHOU Ping(School of Stomatology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 73000,China;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Dental and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligent Manufacturing,Lanzhou 73000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学口腔医学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省牙颌面重建与生物智能制造重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2024年第10期805-813,共9页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81801855)。

摘　　要：骨骼疾病如骨质疏松、骨关节炎等已成为亟待解决的人类健康问题,细胞治疗及组织工程技术被认为是理想的治疗方法之一。人诱导多能干细胞(human induced pluripotent stem cells,hiPSCs)具备体外长期自我更新和分化所有三胚层来源体细胞的独特功能,已成为目前最有前景的成骨细胞来源。因此,需要构建成分明确的hiPSCs体外成骨向诱导分化体系,获得符合临床应用要求的成骨样细胞。许多团队在促进hiPSCs向成骨分化成熟的直接路径和经间充质干细胞的间接路径方面取得了实质性的进展,本文针对这两类成骨分化路径及其应用现状进行综述,以期为骨再生技术提供参考。现有研究借助拟胚体法和单层诱导法,基于生物材料,构建可支持hiPSCs体外培养和成骨向诱导分化体系。然而,目前的研究主要存在成分不明确,分化效率低等局限,基于特定化合物严格调控的分阶段式和三维定向诱导体系是未来的主要研究方向。Bone diseases,such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis,have emerged as pressing public health concerns requiring immediate attention and resolution.Cellular therapy and tissue engineering techniques are among the most promising therapeutic approaches for such conditions.Human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)possess remark-able capacity for indefinite self-renewal in vitro and the ability to differentiate into all somatic cell types originating from the three germ layers,thereby making them a promising source of osteoblasts.Consequently,it is crucial to establish a well-delineated system for osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs in vitro,with the aim to generate osteoblast-like cells that conform to clinical application standards.Numerous research teams have achieved substantial advancements in both the direct osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs and the indirect pathway via mesenchymal stem cells.In this article,we pro-vide a comprehensive review of these two osteogenic differentiation pathways and their current applications,with the aim of serving as a valuable reference for bone regeneration technologies.Current research efforts have relied on embry-oid body formation and monolayer induction methods utilizing biomaterials to develop a system that facilitates in vitro culture and osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs.However,the existing research is primarily constrained by unclear sys-tem components and low efficiency.Therefore,the development of a stepwise and three-dimensional induction system based on stringent regulation by specific compounds is a primary research direction for the future.

关 键 词：骨再生 人诱导多能干细胞 成骨细胞 诱导分化 拟胚体法 单层诱导法 分阶段诱导法 三维定向 诱导体系 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]