《孙子》的“攻守”观  

The“Attack and Defensive”View of The Art of War

作　　者：周亨祥 Zhou Hengxiang

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《孙子研究》2024年第4期7-11,共5页Sunzi Studies

摘　　要：孙子的“攻守”观不仅在战术战役上指导意义重大,在战略层面政治视野下所蕴含的要义更为深刻。作为战争中的基本作战手段,孙子对攻与守的论述,虽言简但意深。他认为决定攻、守的依据不仅取决于己方条件,更取决于对方的战场表现。从战术层面上看,攻守双方更看重的是“天”“地”“将”“法”诸方面条件和因地制宜的正确指挥;但从战略层面来看,制约战略进攻方和战略防守方的“有余”及“不足”的重要条件之中,“道”是最重要的决定因素,战略进攻首先要受到双方“道”的制约,对“道”的分析判断,又影响和决定着战略决策的一系列环节。Sun Zi’s“attack and defensive”view is not only of great guiding significance in tactical battles,but also has a more profound meaning from a strategic political perspective.As the basic means of warfare in war,Sun Zi’s discussion of attack and defense is concise but profound.He believes that the basis for deciding attack and defense depends not only on one’s own conditions,but also on the opponent's battlefield performance.From a tactical perspective,both the attacker and the defender pay more attention to the conditions of“heaven”,“earth”,“general”,“law”and the correct command based on local conditions;but from a strategic perspective,among the important conditions that restrict the“surplus”and“deficiency”of the strategic attacker and the strategic defender“,Tao”is the most important determining factor.Strategic attack must first be restricted by the“Tao”of both sides,and the analysis and judgment of“Tao”affects and determines a series of links in strategic decision-making.

关 键 词：《孙子兵法》 攻 守 道 

分 类 号：B22[哲学宗教—中国哲学]