食用菌多糖提取纯化及结构修饰研究进展  

Research progress on extraction,purification and structural modification of polysaccharides from edible fungi

作　　者：郑婷婷 张文杰[1,2] 龚婉莹 刘聪 赵苗苗 严亮 ZHENG Tingting;ZHANG Wenjie;GONG Wanying;LIU Cong;ZHAO Miaomiao;YAN Liang(College of Tea(Pu'er),West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences,Pu'er,Yunnan 665000,China;Pu er Institute of Pu-erh Tea,Pu'er,Yunnan 665000,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]滇西应用技术大学普洱茶学院,云南普洱665000 [2]普洱茶研究院,云南普洱665000 [3]云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《食品与机械》2024年第7期231-240,共10页Food and Machinery

基　　金：云南省“三区”科技人才项目。

摘　　要：食用菌多糖的提取纯化方法决定其结构表征,进而影响其生物活性,是食用菌多糖研究的基础。一些特定的结构特征使得食用菌多糖的生物活性显著增强,因此,研究人员采用物理、生物和化学方法来修饰食用菌多糖的分子结构,以提高其生物活性。文章综述了食用菌多糖的提取、纯化及结构修饰方法,总结了食用菌多糖提取纯化方法及其优缺点,食用菌多糖化学修饰方法对其结构及生物活性的影响,展望了适当的提取纯化方法对于获取目标多糖的重要性,以及化学修饰方法对于改变食用菌多糖分子结构,改善其功能特性及生物活性的重要性。The extraction and purification methods of polysaccharides from edible fungi determine their structure,which in turn affects their biological activity,and is the basis of research on edible fungi polysaccharides.Some specific structural features make the biological activity of edible mushroom polysaccharides significantly enhanced.Therefore,researchers have used physical,biological and chemical methods to modify the molecular structure of edible mushroom polysaccharides to improve their biological activity.The review introduced the extraction,purification and structural modification methods of edible fungi polysaccharides.The advantages and disadvantages of extraction,purification of polysaccharides from edible fungi,and the effects of chemical modification on their structure and biological activity were summarized.The importance of appropriate extraction and purification methods for obtaining the target polysaccharides and the importance of chemical modification methods for changing the molecular structure and improving the functional properties and biological activities of polysaccharides from edible fungi were prospected.

关 键 词：食用菌 多糖 提取 纯化 结构修饰 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]