纳米材料显现潜在手印的研究进展  

Application of Nanomaterials into Developing Latent Fingerprint

作　　者：易爽 姚琴[1] YI Shuang;YAO Qin(Department of Forensic Science and Technology,Chongqing Police College,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆警察学院刑事科学技术系,重庆401331

出　　处：《刑事技术》2024年第5期485-494,共10页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：重庆市高等教育教学改革研究项目(213382);重庆警察学院教学改革研究项目(jyjg202201);重庆市一流课程建设项目(YLKC23014)。

摘　　要：手印显现技术经过近百年的发展,已经能够对犯罪现场大多数潜在手印进行显现。但随着社会的发展和犯罪手段的更新,各种潜在手印的显现也对现有技术和材料提出了挑战。纳米材料因其拥有良好的吸附性、不容易漂浮于空中、适用性广和一般不影响DNA检验等优势,在显现潜在手印方面已获得了广泛关注。本文综述了各种新型纳米材料在潜在手印显现中的应用研究现状,重点阐述了金属纳米材料、非金属纳米材料、金属氧化物纳米材料以及其他纳米材料在潜在手印显现中的应用研究,并展望了纳米材料显现潜在手印技术的发展趋势,以期为进一步推进纳米材料显现潜在手印的实战应用提供参考。Latent fi ngerprints are of the most important physical evidence in forensic identifi cation though most of them are invisible,requiring physical or chemical treatments to enhance their visualization.To date,various of methods have been exploited for latent fingerprints to enhance their visualization.However,with the update of criminal methods,the traditional methods of developing latent fingerprints are limited.Among them,the physical developing methods are not sensitive enough to the latent fi ngerprint on the surface of complex object,and during the developing operation,some powders or toxic substances are easy to fl oat in the air,which destroy the health of the experimenters.The chemical developing methods also have the disadvantages including cumbersome operation,high cost,toxicity and impact on DNA detecting.As specialized materials,nanomaterials have been widely used in medical equipment,electronic equipment and coatings.In the fi eld of latent fi ngerprint development,nanomaterials have also attracted extensive attention from researchers because of their good adsorption,non-fl oatability in the air,wide applicability and less impact on DNA detecting.The research progresses home and abroad has been comprehensively reviewed in this article about various nanomaterials in latent fi ngerprints development.These nanomaterials mainly in latent fi ngerprints development cover metal nanomaterials,non-metallic nanomaterials,metal oxide nanomaterials and the other nanomaterials,including the mechanism,synthesis methods and adaptability.In addition,the future trends of nanomaterials in the development of latent fi ngerprints were suggested,in order to further promote the practical application of nanomaterials to develop latent fi ngerprints.

关 键 词：手印显现 纳米材料 潜在手印 陈旧手印 多波段光源 

分 类 号：DF794.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]