基于小波变换和改进双边滤波的红外图像增强算法  

Infrared Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transform and Improved Bilateral Filtering

作　　者：郝锦虎 杜玉红[1,2] 王帅 任维佳 HAO Jinhu;DU Yuhong;WANG Shuai;REN Weijia(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Technology,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学机械工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津市现代机电装备技术重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《红外技术》2024年第9期1051-1059,共9页Infrared Technology

摘　　要：针对炮车打靶、夜间车辆侦察、航空航天、士兵巡逻过程中红外图像边缘模糊、对比度低、细节不清晰等问题,本文提出了基于小波变换改进双边滤波的Retinex图像增强算法和改进阈值函数去噪算法。将红外图像进行小波分解,获得红外图像的低、高频系数;对高频进行改进阈值函数增强处理,实现自适应选取像素值域标准差对红外图像进行去噪处理;对低频采用改进双边滤波Retinex图像增强算法处理,平滑红外图像保持图像细节;对高、低频图像进行小波重构,得到重构红外图像;最后进行模糊集函数处理,增强红外图像的对比度。实验结果表明,本文改进算法与对比度受限的自适应直方图均衡方法、多尺度Retinex图像增强方法等相比,有效去除了噪声、细节丰富、背景抑制能力以及对比度提升效果好。To address challenges such as blurry edges,low contrast,and unclear details in infrared images used in artillery shooting,night vehicle reconnaissance,aerospace,and soldiers'patrolling,this study proposes an enhanced Retinex image enhancement algorithm.The method integrates wavelet transform,improved bilateral filtering,an enhanced threshold function denoising algorithm,and fuzzy set functions.First,the infrared image undergoes wavelet decomposition to extract low and high-frequency coefficients.Subsequently,high-frequency components are enhanced using an improved threshold function,adaptingσr for denoising purposes.An improved bilateral filtering Retinex algorithm is employed to smooth the infrared image while preserving essential details.The high and low-frequency components are recombined through wavelet reconstruction to reconstruct the enhanced infrared image.A fuzzy set function is applied to further enhance the contrast of the infrared image.Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.It effectively reduces noise,enriches image details,suppresses background interference,and enhances contrast compared to conventional methods such as adaptive histogram equalization and multi-scale Retinex image enhancement.This approach not only enhances the quality of infrared images for critical applications but also demonstrates significant improvements over existing methods in terms of clarity and detail retention.

关 键 词：红外图像 小波分解 双边滤波 阈值函数 模糊集函数 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]